这里是美国之音慢速英语经济报道。
This weekend, leaders and top finance officials from the world's twenty biggest economies gather in Toronto, Canada. One of the big issues to discuss is how and when to reduce deficits and economic growth measures as conditions improve.
本周末，世界20大经济体领导人和金融高官将齐聚加拿大多伦多。讨论的最大议题之一是在当前情况已改善的状态下，如何以及何时开始削减财政赤字和退出经济刺激手段。
Chancellor Angela Merkel is defending Germany's decision to cut spending by one hundred billion dollars over four years. But some experts say the world economy is still too weak for Europe's biggest country to reduce spending.
德国总理默克尔继续坚持德国在未来四年里将削减1千亿美元财政开支的决定。但一些专家表示，全球经济仍很脆弱，不足以支撑欧洲最大国家（指德国）的财政削减计划。
Earlier this year, Germany was slow to react to the Greek debt crisis. European countries later had to agree to a nearly one trillion dollar rescue for the euro area.
今年早些时候，德国面对希腊债务危机反应迟缓。欧洲国家随后不得不同意为欧元区提供近1万亿美元的救援。
Other countries including Britain, France and Japan have also announced cuts. But American Treasury Secretary Tim Geithner says: "Without growth now, deficits will rise further and undermine future growth."
包括英国，法国和日本等其他国家也宣布削减支出。但美国财政部长盖特纳说：“如果没有经济增长，赤字将进一步提升，而且对未来经济增长造成损害。”
Economists also point out that spending cuts alone do not solve the problems of countries with structural economic problems.
经济学家也指出，单靠削减支出无法解决这些国家的经济结构性问题。
G-20 nations are also struggling with financial reform issues. These include new rules for risky financial products and closer supervision of banks.
20国集团成员国也正竭力应对金融改革问题。包括制定高风险金融产品的新规则，以及对银行业更严密的监管。
This week, Britain's finance minister announced a new tax on big banks. Germany and France are considering similar measures to pay for future financial problems. President Obama proposed the idea for the United States in January. But how many countries will join Britain is not clear.
本周，英国财政大臣宣布一项新的针对大型银行的税收政策。德国和法国也正考虑出台类似的政策，以便为未来的财务问题买单。今年一月奥巴马总统曾提出美国方面的方案。但有多少国家将加入英国的行列尚不清楚。
Nineteen countries and the European Union form the Group of 20, including developing economies like Brazil, China, India and Russia. Economist Sebastian Mallaby at the Council on Foreign Relations says G-20 nations should work together on financial reforms.
19个国家和欧盟组成了20国集团，包括巴西，中国，印度和俄罗斯等发展中经济体。美国外交关系委员会经济学家塞巴斯蒂安·马拉比表示，20国集团成员国应该在金融改革上保持一致。
SEBASTIAN MALLABY: "Financial institutions are cross-border, they are multi-national, they are global. So you ought to have global rules to try and deal with them. But that is not the way the Congress is dealing with them in the United States, and that is not the way I expect European regulators will go either."
塞巴斯蒂安·马拉比：“金融体系是跨国界，涉及多国和全球性的。因此应该有全球性的规则来约束他们。但这个全球性的规则并不是美国国会在美国的处理方法，也不是我期望的欧洲监管机构将要推行的方法。”
G-20 nations also face the issue of trade imbalances, like the one between the United States and China. As recently as last week China said it would not discuss the dispute over its currency at the Toronto summit. But last Saturday China announced it will slowly let the value of the yuan rise. This week, it reached its highest exchange rate in two years.
20国集团成员国还面临着贸易不平衡问题，如美国和中国间的贸易不平衡。就在上周中国表示将不会在多伦多峰会讨论其货币争端。但上周六中国宣布逐步允许人民币升值。本周，人民币汇率创2年来新高。
China's export prices may rise, but an American diplomat said the action "takes an irritant off the table in the U.S.-China relationship."
（由于人民币升值，）中国出口价格可能上涨，但一位美国外交官说，允许人民币逐步升值这一措施将移除中国关系谈判桌上的一项争议。