低温症患者的治疗

    This is the VOA Special English Health Report.
    这里是美国之音慢速英语健康报道。

    We talked last week about ways to avoid cold-weather injuries. Today we are going to talk about emergency treatment of hypothermia.
    上周我们谈到了如何避免严寒天气伤害。今天我们将讨论低温症(体温过低)的紧急治疗。

    Hypothermia can be mild, moderate or severe. Mild hypothermia is something that most people in cold climates have experienced at one time or another. You feel so cold that your body starts to shake -- not very much, but uncontrollably.
    低温症分为轻度、中度和重度。轻度低温症是身处严寒地区的大部分人都曾经经历过的事情。你觉得很冷以至于身体开始发抖 -- 抖得不是很频繁,但不受控制。

    The treatment for mild hypothermia starts with getting out of the cold and, if necessary, changing into dry clothes. Drinking warm, non-alcoholic liquids and eating something sugary can stop the shivering.
    轻度低温症的治疗从脱离寒冷环境开始。如果有必要,换上干爽的衣服。喝点不含酒精的热饮料以及吃点含糖食物可以让身体停止发抖。

    Taking a warm bath or sitting by a fire or doing some exercise can also help the body warm up. These are all common-sense treatments.
    洗个热水澡、坐到火边烤火或做些运动可以帮助身体暖和起来。这些都是常规治疗。

    But treatment needs to change when people enter the moderate or severe stages of hypothermia. In that situation, their body temperature drops below thirty-five degrees Celsius. They lose the ability to think clearly. Their muscles become stiff. They might bump into things or fall over objects.
    但如果人们进入到低温症的中度或重度阶段时,治疗就需要作出改变。在这种情况下,他们的体温会降到35摄氏度以下,思维开始模糊,肌肉变得僵硬。他们可能会撞到什么东西或跌落到什么物体上。

    Members of search-and-rescue teams will first try to prevent additional heat loss. They will place extra covering around the chest, head and neck of hypothermia victims to keep them warm.
    搜救人员首先会防止患者流失更多流量。他们会在低温症患者的胸部和头颈部周围盖上额外的覆盖物以保温。

    Hypothermia victims need medical help as soon as possible. Working quickly to get people out of the cold is important. However, hypothermia victims must be moved slowly and gently.
    低温症患者需要尽快就医。使他们尽快脱离寒冷环境非常重要。但同样重要的是必须缓慢轻柔地移动他们。

    Any rough or sudden movement can force cold blood from the arms, legs and hands deep into the warmer middle of the body. This sudden flow of cold blood can create shock, a serious condition. It can also cause an abnormal heartbeat.
    任何粗暴或突然的移动会使胳膊和手脚的冰冷血液深入到温暖的身体内部。这种冰冷血液的突然流动会造成休克,也可能会造成危险的心跳异常。

    Members of search-and-rescue teams have a saying that hypothermia victims are not dead until they are warm and dead. The process of "rewarming" a person needs to be done slowly, in a hospital setting.
    搜救队成员有一种说法,低温症患者在回暖前不会死亡。患者的复温过程必须在医院环境中缓慢进行。

    An extremely low body temperature can cause the heart to beat so slowly that a pulse may be difficult to find. In other words, a person who is suffering from the effects of severe cold may seem dead, but still be alive.
    体温极低会导致心跳变慢以至于难以找到脉搏。换句话说,重度低温症患者看上去死了,其实还活着。