专家对川普政策如何影响石油行业意见不一

    Oil industry leaders and experts have conflicting opinions about what the policies of U.S. President-Elect Donald Trump could mean for the oil industry.
    候任总统川普的政策对石油行业来说可能意味着什么?石油行业的领导者和专家对此意见并不统一。

    Low oil prices have hurt profits for leading oil companies in recent years. However, prices are rising again, creating other problems.
    近年来低油价已经损害了主要石油公司的利润。然而,油价再次上涨又引发了其它问题。

    Jack Gerard is president of the American Petroleum Institute, a group that represents the oil industry.
    杰克·杰拉德(Jack Gerard)是代表石油行业的美国石油学会的主席。

    Gerard notes that Trump has promised to change regulations and reform taxes. He says that could help energy companies and lead to more oil industry jobs.
    杰拉德指出,川普已经承诺修改法规和改革税收。他说,这对能源公司可能会有帮助,还可能会带来更多石油行业的就业岗位。

    Gerard said America's oil and natural gas industries support 9.8 million jobs. He thinks the industry could create hundreds of thousands of additional jobs if what he called "smart" regulation was put in place. He says the "smart" rules would replace ones that appear to duplicate existing measures or are in competition with them.
    杰拉德表示,美国的石油和天然气行业提供了980万个就业岗位。他认为,如果他所谓的“灵活法规”能够到位,该行业还能创造十万个新的就业岗位。他说,这些灵活的规章将会取代现有重复规章或是与其展开竞争。

    Other observers say some of Trump's proposed policies and his statements present problems for international oil markets.
    其他观察家表示,川普提出的一些政策及他发表的一些声明给国际石油市场带来了麻烦。

    Diane Munro is an oil industry expert. In December, she wrote a story for the Arab Gulf States Institute in Washington, DC. The non-profit group aims to increase understanding of the Gulf States in the United States.
    戴安·蒙罗(Diane Munro)是一位石油专家。她在12月为华盛顿特区的阿拉伯海湾国家研究所写了一篇报道。这家非营利性组织旨在增进美国对海湾国家的了解。

    Munro wrote that some of Trump's statements present, in her words, a "cauldron of contradictions." For example, Trump has strongly criticized the 2015 nuclear agreement between Iran and world powers. The agreement eases many economic restrictions on Iran in return for limits on its nuclear activities. The president-elect said he would consider canceling the deal.
    蒙罗写道,川普的一些声明引发了一堆矛盾。例如,川普强烈批评伊朗同世界大国之间2015年签订的核协议。该协议减轻了对伊朗的诸多经济限制,以换取对伊朗核活动的限制。候任总统表示会考虑取消这项协议。

    Munro wrote that Trump also has threatened to ban oil imports from the Middle East, accusing oil producers there of unfairly controlling prices. Statements against the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) have been considered unfriendly to Gulf countries and Saudi Arabia, she noted.
    蒙罗写道,川普还威胁禁止从中东进口石油,并指责石油生产国不公平控制价格。她指出,这些针对石油输出国组织(简称欧佩克)的声明被视为对海湾国家和沙特不友好。

    Munro added that such statements are likely to cause concern or "rattle" the oil market. They also might hurt already the U.S. relationship with Saudi Arabia, which she described as "fraying."
    蒙罗还说,这类声明可能会引起石油市场的担忧,还可能会损害美国同沙特之间的关系。

    Trump's choice for secretary of state called "oil-centric"
    川普的国务卿之选被称之为“以石油为中心”

    At least one nominee for Trump's cabinet has strong ties to the oil industry. His choice for Secretary of State, Rex Tillerson, retired as chief executive officer at ExxonMobil earlier this month. Tillerson is to receive a retirement deal valued at $180 million from his former employer.
    至少有一名川普内阁提名人跟石油行业有着密切关系。他提名了埃克森美孚公司月初退休的前首席执行官雷克斯·蒂勒森(Rex Tillerson)担任国务卿。蒂勒森将从他的前雇主那获得价值1.8亿美元的退休金。

    Gerard praised the nomination as "world class." He said Tillerson's skills can represent the nation well.
    杰拉德称赞这一提名是“世界级的”。他称蒂勒森的能力可以完美代表美国。

    But Munro called the choice "oil-centric." She wrote the nomination appears to show the growing influence of Russia on U.S. policy. She said this will create a mixed message for America's Middle East allies.
    但是蒙罗称这一选择是“以石油为中心”。她撰文称这一提名似乎表明了俄罗斯对美国政策日益增长的影响。她说,这将会给美国的中东盟友带去矛盾的信号。

    Tillerson has good relations with Russian President Vladimir Putin. Under his leadership, ExxonMobil has developed oil projects in Russia and also in the South China Sea, with Vietnam.
    蒂勒森同俄罗斯总统普京关系良好。在他的领导下,埃克森美孚公司已经在俄罗斯以及同越南在中国南海开发了石油项目。

    Oil prices have been rising since OPEC members announced a deal to reduce production in late November.
    自从欧佩克成员国11月下旬宣布减产协议以来,石油价格一路上涨。

    OPEC has historically had a difficult time enforcing its agreements, however. It is difficult to predict how the cartel's latest move will affect prices this year.
    然而欧佩克历来难以执行其协议。很难预测该卡特尔最近的举措将会如何影响今年的石油价格。

    I'm Mario Ritter.
    我是马里奥·里特。(51VOA.COM对本文翻译保留全部权利,未经授权请勿转载,违者必究!)