The first year of college is usually a time to learn and have fun. Many young people enjoy the freedom of living away from home for the first time. For young women in the United States, however, it is a time when they are at high risk of experiencing a sex crime.
大学第一年通常用来学习和玩耍。许多年轻人第一次享受远离家庭的自由生活。然而对美国的年轻女性来说，她们正处于被性犯罪的高风险时期。
The U.S. Justice Department reports that American women age 18 to 24 had the highest rate of sexual assault. The study also found that university students were less likely to report such crimes than non-students. Among college women, nine out of ten knew the person who sexually assaulted them.
美国司法部报告称，年龄在18岁到24岁的美国女性被性侵率最高。研究还发现，与非学生相比，大学生很少报警。在女大学生中，90%的人知道性侵犯者是谁。
How Colleges Deal with Sexual Assault in Canada
加拿大高校如何应对性侵
In Canada, three universities recently ran a program to train female students to avoid sexual assault while in college. The two-year program was available at universities in Calgary, Alberta, and Windsor and Guelph in Ontario, Canada.
加拿大三所大学最近推出了一个培训女学生避免性侵犯的项目。这个为期两年的项目在加拿大艾伯塔省卡尔加里大学以及安大略省的温莎大学和圭尔夫大学推出。
The program involved women in their first year at the schools. The students spent 12 hours learning how to judge risks, deal with emotions, and use self-defense.
项目涉及的是第一学年的女生。这些学生要花费12个小时学习如何判断风险、处理情绪以及使用自卫。
The program taught students to be especially on guard at parties and other high-risk campus social events. The training taught students to attend such events together. If separated, they should check on each other periodically. They should also take extra care in their use of alcohol. At least half of the sexual assaults among college women involve drinking.
该项目教导学生在聚会和其它高风险校园社交活动上要尤其警惕。该培训教导学生们结伴参加这类活动。如果被分开她们要定时查看对方。她们在喝酒时也应该格外小心。女大学生中至少一半的性侵和酒有关。
About 450 students received the training. A group of about the same size received only written information and a brief meeting with the trainers. The group that received the 12 hours of training saw an almost 50 percent drop in risk of rape.
大约有450名学生接受了培训。大约同等规模的一组人只接受了书面资料以及和教员的一次碰头会。接受12小时培训的这组人被强奸的风险下降了近50%。
Study investigators said there were limitations in their research. They noted that the study was designed for women. They wrote that effective interventions that target men's behavior are also needed.
研究者称他们的研究存在局限性。他们指出，这项研究针对的是女性。他们写道，还必须有针对男性行为的有效干预措施。
American response to campus sexual assault
美国人应对校园性侵
In the U.S., Harvard, Rutgers and several other universities have also developed "bystander training." This means students offer help if they see someone in danger of being assaulted. The training helps students, both men and women, decide when it is safe to personally intervene and when to call the police.
在美国，哈佛、罗格斯等几所大学已经开发了“旁观者培训”。意思是如果学生看到有人面临受侵犯风险要提供帮助。该培训可以帮助无论男女的学生决定何时可以安全地亲自过问，何时应该报警。
Last year, President Barack Obama ordered the establishment of a task force on sexual violence at universities. The investigative group's report advised universities to take several measures. They include methods for researching the sex crime "climate" of the university and improving systems for reporting crimes as well as prevention programs.
去年，奥巴马总统下令就大学性暴力成立特别工作组。该调查小组的报告建议各个大学采取几项措施。其中包括调查大学性侵风气、改善报警体系和预防方案等手段。
The White House task force said one in five women experiences sexual assault in her college years. It has started a web site called Not Alone to give schools and students information on how to react to and prevent sexual assault.
白宫特别工作组表示，20%的女大学生就读期间会经历性侵犯。该工作组已经开设了一家《你不是孤身一人》的网站为学校和学生们提供如何应对和防止性侵犯的信息。
President Obama spoke about the issue of campus sexual assault in one of his weekly broadcasts in January.
奥巴马总统一月份在其中一期每周广播中谈到了校园性侵问题。
"Perhaps most important, we need to keep saying to anyone out there who has ever been assaulted: you are not alone. You will never be alone. We have your back. I've got your back."
“也许最重要的是我们要不断告诉那些曾经被侵犯的人，你不是一个人，也不再会是一个人。我们是你的坚强后盾。”
Schools or educators can learn more about preventing sexual violence from the National Sexual Violence Resource Center.
学校或教育工作者可以从美国国家防止性暴力资源中心了解更多防止性暴力的信息。
I'm Jill Robbins.
我是吉尔·罗宾斯（Jill Robbins）。(51VOA.COM对本文翻译保留全部权利，未经授权请勿转载，违者必究！)