川普批准钢铝关税并豁免加拿大和墨西哥

    President Donald Trump has approved measures adding 25 percent tariffs on steel entering the United States and 10 percent tariffs on imported aluminum.
    川普总统已经批准对进入美国的钢铁征收25%的关税,对进口铝材征收10%的关税。

    The new taxes are to go into effect in 15 days.
    这些新税种将在15天后生效。

    The president signed the measures in a ceremony at the White House on Thursday. Workers employed by U.S. steel and aluminum manufacturers attended the event.
    川普周四在白宫的一项仪式上签署了这些措施。美国钢铁和铝材行业的工人们参加了这次活动。

    The president, however, is permitting exceptions to the tariffs for metal imports from Canada and Mexico. Both countries are currently negotiating with U.S. officials to change the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA).》
    然而川普批准豁免从加拿大和墨西哥进口金属的关税。两国目前都正在跟美国官员谈判修改《北美自由贸易协定》。

    The president spoke at a cabinet meeting Thursday morning. He said U.S. officials "have a right" to drop or add countries to the list of exceptions. Officials said those exemptions would be made on a "case by case" and "country by country" basis.
    川普周四上午在内阁会议上作了发言。他说,美国官员“有权”将一些国家加到豁免名单中或删去。有关官员表示,这些豁免将在“逐个案例”和“逐个国家”的基础上进行。

    Earlier, Trump wrote on Twitter, "We have to protect & build our Steel and Aluminum Industries while at the same time showing great flexibility and cooperation toward those that are real...and treat us fairly on both trade and the military."
    早些时候,川普在推特上写道,“我们必须保护和建设我们的钢铁和铝材行业,同时向那些在贸易和军事上对我们公平以待的国家表现出极大的弹性和合作。”

    Talk of the tariffs brought warnings of a trade war from Europe and China. One European Union official even said the EU would target goods from areas governed by Trump's Republican Party.
    讨论关税招来了欧洲和中国对贸易战的警告。欧盟一位官员甚至表示,欧盟将把来自川普旗下共和党执政地区的商品作为目标。

    Reaction from China
    中国的反应

    The president has argued that the tariffs would prevent low-cost imports, especially from China, from hurting U.S. industries and jobs.
    川普认为,这些关税将会防止尤其是来自中国的低价进口商品对美国工业和就业造成伤害。

    In Beijing, Chinese Foreign Minister Wang Yi warned a "trade war" would hurt all parties and called for negotiations. He added, "China will, of course, make a proper and necessary response."
    中国外长王毅在北京警告说,“贸易战”会伤害各方,并呼吁进行谈判。他补充说,“中国当然也会作出适当和必要的回应。”

    China had a record $375.2 billion goods surplus with the United States last year.
    中国去年与美国的贸易顺差创下了3752亿美元的记录。

    Trade tensions between the world's two largest economies have risen since Trump took office in 2017. Although China exports little steel to the United States, its huge steel production has driven down the price of steel across the world.
    自2017年川普上任以来,中美这两个全球最大经济体之间的贸易紧张局势已经升温。虽然中国向美国出口的钢材不多,但是其庞大的钢铁产品已经让全球钢铁价格下跌。

    European reaction
    欧洲的反应

    In Brussels, European Commission Vice President Jyrki Katainen said the EU has told the U.S. that tariffs were a bad idea. He said the U.S. lost thousands of jobs when it ordered tariffs on steel imported from Europe in the 2000s.
    欧盟委员会副主席于尔基·卡泰宁(Jyrki Katainen)表示,欧盟已经提醒美国,关税不是良策。他说,美国在本世纪初下令对欧洲进口钢铁征收关税时就损失了数以千计的就业机会。

    Another official was firm in his response. "If Donald Trump puts in place the measures this evening, we have a whole arsenal at our disposal with which to respond," said Peter Moscovici of France. He serves as the European Commissioner for Economic and Financial Affairs.
    另一位官员做出了坚定回应。“如果川普今晚采取这些措施,我们有各种手段来作出回应,”法国的彼得·莫斯科维奇(Peter Moscovici)做出了上述表态。他担任了欧盟经济和金融事务专员。

    The European measures could include tariffs on American oranges, tobacco and bourbon, he said. Some of the goods are produced in parts of the United States where Trump is popular.
    他说,欧盟可以采取的措施包括对美国的橙子、烟草和波旁威士忌征收关税。其中一些商品是在川普颇受拥戴的美国地区生产的。

    Moscovici said he wanted American lawmakers to know that imposing tariffs "would be a ‘lose-lose' situation."
    莫斯科维奇表示,他希望美国议员知道,征收关税将是一种“双输”的局面。

    Internal opposition to tariffs
    内部反对

    Trump's plan to tax steel and aluminum imports has faced growing opposition from congressional Republicans and American businesses. Many were worried about possible effects on the economy.
    川普对钢铝进口征税的计划在国会共和党人以及美国企业中面临日益强烈的反对。很多人担心可能对经济造成的影响。

    More than 100 Republican lawmakers wrote to Trump, "We urge you to reconsider the idea of broad tariffs to avoid unintended negative consequences to the U.S. economy and its workers."
    100多位共和党议员写信给川普,“我们督促你重新考虑广泛关税的想法,以避免对美国经济和工人产生意想不到的负面影响。”

    Tom Donohue is president of the United States Chamber of Commerce, an organization representing American businesses. He said, "We urged the administration to take this risk [of a trade war] seriously."
    汤姆·多诺霍(Tom Donohue)是代表美国企业的美国商会的总裁。他说:“我们敦促政府认真对待[贸易战]的这种风险。”

    On Tuesday, Gary Cohn, the president's chief economic advisor, announced that he would leave the White House. Cohn has long argued for free trade and against tariffs.
    周二,川普的首席经济顾问加里·科恩(Gary Cohn)宣布他将辞职。科恩一直主张自由贸易并反对关税。(51VOA.COM原创翻译,禁止转载,违者必究!)