一项新研究探讨了美国付小费的习俗。
Many Americans give tips to people who perform a job for them, especially workers in the service industry. They pay a little extra to people cutting their hair, driving them across town or serving them a meal at a restaurant.
很多美国人都会向那些为自己工作，尤其是服务行业的人员付小费。他们向理发师、出租车司机以及餐厅服务员支付少量额外费用（当作小费）。
The new survey was done for the website CreditCards.com.
这项是为CreditCards.com网站做的一项新的问卷调查。
Princeton Survey Research Associates questioned over 1,000 individuals. The subjects were asked about how and when they offer tips.
普林斯顿调查研究协会对1000多人进行了调查。这些调查对象被问到他们如何以及何时付小费。
The researchers found that men give bigger tips to restaurant workers than women. It also found people allied with the Republican Party give bigger tips than supporters of the Democratic Party. And people who live in the northern U.S. are more generous with tips than those living in the South.
研究人员发现，男性付给餐厅服务员的小费要比女性多。调查还发现，共和党支持者比民主党支持者付的小费多，美国北方人比南方人在小费上更加慷慨。
The survey found that people who earn $50,000 or more a year give bigger tips than those who earn less than $50,000. One likely reason: the wealthier Americans have more money to spend.、
该调查发现，年收入高于5万美元者比年收入低于5万美元者付的小费要更多。原因可能是因为更富裕的美国人有更多钱花。
The report also said that when getting a haircut, 67 percent always tip the person doing the cutting, while 12 percent never do. In a coffee shop, 29 percent always tip the person preparing their coffee, while 30 percent never do.
该报告还说，67%的人理发时每次都会给理发师小费，然而有12%的人却从来不给。29%的人在咖啡店时总是会给服务生小费，然而有30%的人从来不给。
And when staying at a hotel, 27 percent always tip the housekeeping crew and 31 percent never do.
27%的人在住酒店时总是会给客房服务员小费，还有31%的人从来不给。
Michael Lynn is a professor of consumer behavior and marketing at the Cornell University School of Hotel Administration in New York. In other words, he knows a lot about the issue of tipping.
迈克尔·林恩（Michael Lynn）是纽约州康奈尔大学酒店管理学院的消费者行为和营销学教授。换句话说，他很了解付小费这个问题。
In earlier surveys, Lynn said, he found mixed results on the generosity of men and women when it comes to tipping. In some studies, men gave bigger tips than women. In others, women gave more money.
林恩表示，在之前的调查中，他发现当要给小费时，男性和女性表现出来的慷慨有不同的结果。在一些研究中，男性比女性给更多的小费。而在另一些研究中，女性给的小费要更多。
Lynn's own research found that men give bigger tips when the restaurant server is a woman and women give more when the server is a man.
林恩自己研究发现，当餐厅服务员是女性时，男性会给更多小费。同样当服务员是男性时，女性会给更多小费。
Lynn said that in any survey dealing with human generosity, people can say they give more than they really do. There is no way of finding out if people answering a researcher's questions are telling the truth.
林恩表示，在任何涉及到人类慷慨度的调查中，人们都会夸大他们实际给的小费。目前没有办法找出接受调查者是否说了实话。
Creditcards.com spoke to one server at a restaurant in Virginia. She said, "All of the really big tips I've gotten have been from men, and some of the really bad ones have been from groups of women. I think sometimes men tip more because they're trying to impress someone."
Creditcards.com网站跟弗吉尼亚州的一位餐厅服务员进行了交流。她说：“我拿到的所有真正大额的小费都来自男性，而其中一些最小气的小费都来自女性。我认为有时候男性给更多小费，是因为他们试图给人留下好印象。”
Tipping is important to service workers
付小费对服务人员很重要
Tips are very important to service employees. People who work at restaurants often get most of their earnings from tips.
小费对服务行业人员非常重要。餐厅服务员大部分收入都来自于小费。
Nationwide, Americans generally tip between 15 to 20 percent at restaurants and leave from $2 to $10 a day for the people who clean their hotel rooms. Tips of 15 percent are also common for people who drive taxis.
在全美国范围内，美国人在餐厅通常会付15%到20%的小费，住宾馆时会给客房服务员每天留2到10美元的小费，打车时给出租车司机15%的小费也很常见。
Tipping differs across the world
付小费在世界各地各有不同
In 2015, Conde Nast Traveler magazine published a report on tipping around the world. Here are some of its findings about restaurants:
2015年，《康德纳斯旅者》杂志发布了一份关于世界各地付小费情况的报道。以下是该杂志关于餐厅的一些发现：
In Nigeria, a 10 percent tip is enough if a service charge has not already been added to the cost of a restaurant meal. In Brazil, no tip is required because a 10 percent service charge is generally added on restaurant bills.
在尼日利亚，如果服务费没有加到就餐费用中，则付10%的小费就够了。在巴西不需要付小费，因为10%的服务费通常已经加到就餐账单上了。
In Cambodia, add $1 US dollar for the server. In Indonesia, a 10 percent tip is added to the bill. But diners often leave a little extra money.
在柬埔寨，买单时加1美元给服务员。在印尼，账单上已经加了10%的小费，但是就餐者经常会额外给点小费。
In Vietnam, a service charge is not usually added to the restaurant bill. If that's the case, you should add a 10 percent tip, and more if you use a credit card.
在越南，服务费通常不会加在就餐账单上。遇到这种情况，你应该加上10%的小费，如果用信用卡买单还要付更多小费。
But here is something to keep in mind. If you are able to give the person serving you a tip or a bigger one than what is expected, your generosity will be welcome. Many service workers do not make much money, and even an extra dollar or two can make a difference in their lives.
但是要记住，如果你能给为你服务的人员付小费，或是付的小费超出了他们的期望，你的慷慨将会大受欢迎。很多服务员赚不到多少钱，甚至额外的一两美元都能改变他们的生活。
I'm Bruce Alpert.
我是布鲁斯·阿尔伯特。
And I'm Lucija Milonig.
我是Lucija Milonig。
(51VOA.COM对本文翻译保留全部权利，未经授权请勿转载，违者必究！)