2010记号:欧洲债务危机,发展中国家经济增长

    This is the VOA Special English Economics Report.
    这里是美国之音慢速英语经济报道。

    Here are some of the top economic stories of two thousand ten. The world continued to struggle with a slow recovery from the financial crisis two years earlier. Greece admitted to bigger-than-expected budget deficits. Investors punished Greece with much higher borrowing costs. The sixteen countries that use the euro joined the International Monetary Fund in offering loans of about one hundred forty billion dollars in May.
    以下是2010年的一些特大经济新闻。全球继续从2年前的金融危机中缓慢复苏。希腊承认高于预期的预算赤字,投资者以更高的借贷成本惩罚希腊。今年5月,国际货币基金组织联合16个欧元国向希腊提供1400亿美元贷款。

    But, Greece had to agree to deeply cut government spending. Some demonstrations against the measures turned violent.
    但是,希腊必须同意大幅削减政府开支。一些针对此项措施的示威活动演化为暴力事件。

    And debt problems extended beyond Greece. Ireland asked euro-area members and the IMF for help last month. Its rescue was even bigger, considering the size of the Irish economy.
    债务问题扩大到希腊以外的国家。爱尔兰上月向欧元区成员国和国际基金组织请求援助。考虑到爱尔兰的经济规模,其援救规模甚至(比希腊)更大。

    Euro-area nations have set up a bailout fund of about one trillion dollars. But the IMF worries that may not be enough. Portugal, Spain and Italy could soon require emergency loans. And the euro has declined, making imports more costly for the area's struggling economies.
    欧元区国家已经设立一个约一万亿美元的救市基金。但国际货币基金组织担心这可能不够。葡萄牙、西班牙和意大利可能很快就会需要紧急贷款。同时欧元贬值,使得这些国家与经济抗争的进口成本增加。

    China's exports of important industrial metals also made news this year. China temporarily cut off rare earth metals meant for Japan after a territorial dispute in September. China controls nearly all of the rare earth metals market. These metals are used in everything from smart bombs to batteries. China recently announced lower export limits for rare earths for next year.
    中国今年重要工业金属的出口也制造了新闻。在9月份的一次领土争端后,中国暂时停止了对日本的稀土金属供应。中国几乎控制了所有的稀土金属市场。这些金属被用于从智能炸弹到电池等各个领域。中国最近宣布降低明年稀土金属的出口限制。

    In the United States, the central bank took steps to speed recovery. The Federal Reserve announced a plan to add six hundred billion dollars to the economy. The goal is to keep long-term interest rates low and make investment--and hiring--easier. Unemployment remained above nine percent all year.
    在美国,央行采取了一些措施以加快经济复苏速度。美联储宣布一项计划,向美国经济中注入6000亿美元。其目的是保持长期低利率,降低投资和雇佣成本。美国的失业率全年仍高于9%。

    On Wall Street, a sudden drop in a big stock index shocked investors on May sixth. The Dow Jones Industrial Average dropped about nine percent in less than an hour before mostly recovering. A five-month federal investigation of the so-called flash crash suggested a single big trade may have been the cause.
    在华尔街,今年5月6日,一项大型股票指数的骤降震惊了投资者。道琼斯工业平均指数在不到一小时的时间里跌了约9%,随后基本恢复。一项为期五月被称为“闪电崩盘”的联邦调查称,一次单一的大单交易可能是肇事元凶。

    Rich nations continued to hurt economically this year. But World Bank economist Hans Timmer says not all countries are reporting problems.
    发达国家今年经济继续受创,但世界银行的经济学家汉斯·蒂莫称,并非所有国家都如此。

    HANS TIMMER: "By far the most, the biggest story is the very strong performance of the emerging economies."
    蒂莫:“到现在为止,新兴经济体的表现是今年经济领域的最大新闻。”

    The so-called BRIC nations, Brazil, Russia, India and China, are expected to report notable economic growth this year.
    预计所谓的金砖四国,巴西,俄罗斯,印度和中国,今年经济将显著增长。