This is the VOA Special English Economics Report.
这里是美国之音慢速英语经济报道。
Today, retirement can mean different things. For many Americans, it means the end of the money-earning part of their life and the beginning of a period of enjoyment. But retirement calls for planning and savings.
今天，退休具有不同的意义。对许多美国人来说，这意味着生活中赚钱时期的结束，和享受时期的开始。但退休需要规划和储蓄。
In many countries, employers may offer some kind of retirement savings plan. The plan could be linked to the company's stock or to a managed investment service. Almost any financial planner will say workers should use these plans to save money easily: often directly from their wages. But an employer plan should not be your only way to save for retirement.
在许多国家，雇主可能会提供一些退休储蓄方案，这类方案可能与公司股票或托管投资服务联系到一起。几乎所有财务规划师都会说，员工应该利用这些退休方案来更容易地存钱：通常直接从工资中扣减。但雇主方案不应该是你唯一的退休储蓄方式。
Pete D'Arruda heads his own financial planning company and gives retirement advice on radio shows and television. He tells people to save whenever possible. But he says as retirement nears, you must take fewer financial risks.
皮特·德阿鲁达（Pete D'Arruda）管理着自己的财务规划公司，他在电视和电台节目上提供退休咨询。他提醒人们尽可能存款，但他表示随着退休临近，必须少冒金融风险。
PETER D'ARRUDA: "There's three stages of life there when we look at it. There's the part where you're earning money. And when you're earning money, if you have a salary, it makes it easier to take risk because you know that if you lose the money you can go back and earn some more."
德阿鲁达：“人生中有3个阶段，其中一个阶段是赚钱阶段。在赚钱阶段，工资能使你更容易地承担风险。因为你知道，如果赔了钱，你还可以回去赚更多钱。”
By risks, Pete D'Arruda means investing in stocks and other financial instruments that can lose value quickly. He says people should move money away from riskier investments as they age even if there is a possibility of a higher rate of return. Instead, investors nearing retirement should seek more secure investments for their savings.
德阿鲁达说的风险是指投资于会快速赔钱的股票和其它金融工具。他表示到了晚年，人们应该远离高风险投资，即使这类投资可能会有更高回报。相反，临近退休的投资者应该为自己的积蓄寻求更安全的投资。
PETER D'ARRUDA: "But then we get to the transition phase when we're within five years or so of retirement. I call it the financial red zone because now is the time when you need to protect what you have, you need to start transitioning away from the risk of Wall Street and into safe places that guarantee lifetime income."
德阿鲁达：“到了离退休五年以内时，我们就进入到过渡阶段。我称之为财务红色区域，因为现在是时候保护你的成果了。你必须开始远离华尔街风险，过渡到可以保证一辈子收入的安全地带。”
Pete D'Arruda has a simple way of deciding how much of your retirement savings should be at risk. He says, take your age and put a percentage after it. That is the percentage of your retirement savings that should be fully protected from losing value. So, for a sixty-five-year-old, the rule works like this:
德阿鲁达有一个简单办法用来决定可以拿多少退休积蓄去冒险。他说，在年龄后加个百分号，就是你应该全力保护防止赔钱的退休积蓄的比例。所以65岁时就应该这样做：
PETER D'ARRUDA: "Sixty-five percent of the money must be in a place that can't lose it. The reason why is when you're in retirement it's impossible to get the money back that you lost because you don't have a salary coming in, so time is no longer on your side."
德阿鲁达：“65%的钱应该放在不会赔本的地方。原因是当你退休了，赔了钱再赚回来就不太可能了，因为你没有工资收入了，时不待人啊。”
The investment services company Charles Schwab prepares studies about Americans' retirement planning. The company's Retirement Pulse Survey looks at how people of all ages prepare for the big event.
投资服务公司嘉信理财（Charles Schwab）准备对美国人的退休方案进行研究。该公司退休市场倾向调查着眼于各年龄阶段的人们如何准备退休这一重大事件。
One recent survey found that forty-four percent of baby boomers feel secure in their readiness for retirement. Baby boomers are the generation of Americans born in the years immediately after World War Two. The first baby boomers are now reaching sixty-five, currently the full retirement age in the United States.
最近的一次调查发现，44%的婴儿潮一代认为其退休准备非常安全。婴儿潮一代是指出生于二战以后紧接着的几年里的一代美国人。首批婴儿潮一代目前已经接近美国当前退休年龄65岁。
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