This is the VOA Special English Health Report.
这里是美国之音慢速英语健康报道。
The World Health Organization recently reported that the number of cases of tuberculosis has been falling since two thousand six. Also, fewer people are dying from TB. But a study by researchers at the University of California, San Francisco, says smoking could threaten this progress.
世卫组织最近报告称，肺结核病例人数从2006年以来一直在下降。此外，死于结核病的人数也在不断减少。但旧金山加利福尼亚大学的研究人员发表的一份研究表示，吸烟可能会威胁到这一进展。
Nearly twenty percent of all people use tobacco, and millions of non-smokers get sick from breathing the smoke. The new study predicts that smoking will produce an additional thirty-four million TB deaths by twenty-fifty.
全球近20%人口吸烟，数百万非吸烟者因这些烟雾而致病。这项新的研究预测，到2050年，吸烟将额外增加3400万例结核病死亡病例。
Efforts to control the spread of tuberculosis have mainly focused on finding and treating infections. Much less effort has been made to understand the causes. Dr. Anthony Fauci is the director of the United States National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases.
控制结核病传播的措施主要集中于发现和治疗结核病感染，而较少去关注致病原因。安东尼·福奇（Anthony Fauci）博士是美国国家过敏和传染病研究所主任。
ANTHONY FAUCI: "Despite our control efforts, that you still have more than a million people each year, you know, dying from TB and millions and millions getting infected, we realize it's still a very important problem. So we have to do the practical thing and we have to do the fundamental research things at the same time."
福奇：“尽管有控制措施，每年仍有超过1百万人死于结核病，还有数百万人被感染。我们认识到这仍是一个非常严重的问题。所以我们必须在做基础研究的同时做些实际的事情。”
Smoking does not cause tuberculosis; bacteria cause the infection. But the study says smoking affects the nervous system in a way that makes an inactive case of TB more likely to develop into an active one.
吸烟不会导致肺结核。但这项研究称，吸烟会影响神经系统，使非活性肺结核更可能发展成活性肺结核。
Stanton Glantz is director of the University of California's Center for Tobacco Control Research and Education and an author of the new study. He says it shows that tuberculosis cannot be controlled unless tobacco use is controlled.
斯坦顿·格兰兹（Stanton Glantz）是加利福尼亚大学烟草控制研究和教育中心主任，也是这项新研究的作者之一。他说，这表明除非控制烟草使用，否则无法控制肺结核。
STANTON GLANTZ: "It increases the number of people who will get tuberculosis by about seven percent. It increases the number of people projected to die from tuberculosis between now and twenty-fifty by about twenty-six percent."
格兰兹：“吸烟使感染肺结核人数增加了大约7%，还使目前到2050年之间的结核病预计死亡人数增加了26%。”
The study is described as the first to identify a direct link between tobacco use and rates of TB infection and death. Professor Glantz says the results should guide those creating health policies and TB control efforts.
这项研究被认为是首次确认了烟草使用和结核病感染及死亡之间的直接联系。格兰兹教授说，这一研究结果将引导他们建立卫生政策和结核病控制措施。
STANTON GLANTZ: "If you want to control the infectious disease of tuberculosis, you have to control the tobacco industry and the tobacco industry's efforts to increase tobacco use, particularly in developing countries where tuberculosis is a big problem."
格兰兹：“如果你想控制传染性疾病结核病，你就必须控制烟草行业及其增加烟草使用的措施，特别是在结核病是个大问题的发展中国家。”
The study predicts that the situation will only get worse if tobacco companies continue to sell more of their products in those countries. It says strong efforts to control tobacco would not only reduce deaths from smoking-related diseases like emphysema, heart disease and lung cancer. They could also prevent millions of deaths from tuberculosis.
该研究预测，如果烟草公司在这些国家继续销售更多产品，情况只会变得更糟。研究称，控制烟草的强硬措施不仅会降低像肺气肿、心脏病和肺癌等吸烟相关疾病的死亡，还可以防止数百万人死于肺结核。
The study appeared in BMJ, the British Medical Journal.
这项研究发表在“英国医学杂志”上。
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