全球卫生官员商讨控制烟草新举措

    This is the VOA Special English Health Report.
    这里是美国之音慢速英语健康报道。

    Delegates from around the world are meeting this week in Uruguay to consider new ways to control tobacco. A World Health Organization treaty called the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control took effect five years ago. More than one hundred seventy governments have signed it.
    本周,来自世界各国的代表齐聚乌拉圭,商讨控制烟草的新办法。世界卫生组织《烟草控制框架公约》(Framework Convention on Tobacco Control)五年前生效,超过170个国家签署了该公约。

    The treaty requires a number of efforts -- like raising tobacco prices, restricting advertising and banning sales to children.
    该公约提出一系列的要求——例如上调烟草价格,限制烟草广告,以及禁止向儿童出售香烟。

    (SOUND)
    (抗议声音)

    These high school students recently protested against tobacco companies at a trade show in Jakarta. Indonesia has not signed the international treaty. But its Health Ministry proposes to ban all forms of cigarette advertising.
    最近,这些高中生在雅加达的一次贸易展会上抗议烟草公司。印尼没有签署这项烟草控制的国际公约,但该国卫生部提议禁止一切形式的烟草广告。

    An official at the Indonesian Tobacco Alliance says his trade group agrees with banning all activities to promote cigarettes to the young. But he says tobacco companies should be able to market their products to adults, just like any other legal product.
    印尼烟草联盟一位官员表示,该联盟同意禁止任何向青少年宣传香烟的活动,但他表示,正如其他任何合法产品一样,烟草公司应该能向成人出售香烟产品。

    Tobacco growers are also concerned about several measures proposed at this week's meeting in Uruguay. One would ban additives traditionally used with "burley" tobacco. This kind of tobacco is grown extensively in Africa and used extensively in American-style cigarettes that are popular worldwide.
    烟农们也非常关注本周乌拉圭会议上提出的几项措施。其中一项将禁止通常和“白肋烟”一起使用的添加剂。白肋烟主要在非洲种植,同时广泛应用于全球流行的美式香烟中。

    Antismoking groups say the proposal is aimed against flavorings like chocolate, licorice and sugar. The director of the Tanzania Tobacco Control Forum points out that several American brands still use burley tobacco but without additives.
    反吸烟组织表示,该提议旨在禁止象巧克力、甘草和糖等调味添加剂。坦桑尼亚烟草控制论坛(Tanzania Tobacco Control Forum)负责人指出,一些美国品牌的香烟仍在不使用添加剂的前提下使用白肋烟。

    But economists at NKC, a South African research group, say the guidelines would affect the lives of millions of Africans who depend on tobacco farming. The report says nearly four million people in Mozambique, Uganda, Zambia and Zimbabwe would be most seriously affected.
    但南非一个研究组织NKC的经济学家表示,这些条约将会影响数百万依赖烟草种植的非洲人的生活。该报告显示,有近400万生活在莫桑比克、乌干达、赞比亚和津巴布韦的烟农会受到非常严重的影响。

    Since June, the United States has banned cigarette companies from using misleading terms like "light," "mild" and "low tar."
    从6月开始,美国已经禁止香烟公司使用诸如“微量”,“柔和”和“低焦油”等误导性词语。

    Last week, federal health officials announced new actions to control tobacco. These include proposals to require larger health warnings on cigarette packages and advertisements.
    上周,联邦卫生官员宣布了控制烟草的新举措。其中包括要求在香烟包装和广告上标注更大的健康警示的一些建议。

    Officials also want to require new "graphic health warnings" within two years. Proposals include a picture of a woman blowing smoke in a baby's face, and an image of diseased lungs next to healthy lungs.
    他们希望在两年内出台新的“健康警示图片”。这些建议中包括一个妇女向婴儿脸上吐烟圈的图片,以及健康、病变肺部对比的图片。