一项新的研究发现，美国人的寿命取决于他们住在哪里。
Researchers at the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation or IHME at the University of Washington in Seattle found that the gap between counties with the highest and lowest life expectancies is larger now than it was in 1980. And life expectancy is falling in some counties. The researchers say this shows there is a large "and growing inequality in the health of Americans."
华盛顿大学西雅图主校区健康指标和评估研究所的研究人员发现，当前美国各县之间的最高和最低预期寿命差距比1980年时更大，并且一些县的预期寿命开始下降。研究人员表示，这说明美国人的健康状况存在极大的不平等并且日益严重。
Several counties in the states of North and South Dakota, where many Native Americans live, have the lowest life expectancy rate. In Oglala Lakota County, South Dakota, the life expectancy was 66.8 in 2014.
北达科他州和南达科他州一些县居住着很多美国原住民，这里的预期寿命最低。南达科他州的奥格拉拉·拉科塔县2014年的预期寿命为66.8岁。
There has also been a drop in the life expectancy rate in counties in poor areas of Kentucky and West Virginia. In Owsley County, Kentucky, life expectancy was 72.4 years in 1980. But by 2014 it had fallen to 70.2.
肯塔基州和西弗吉尼亚州贫困县的预期寿命也有所下降。肯塔基州奥斯理县1980年的预期寿命为72.4岁，但是到2014年已经降到了70.2岁。
Some of the counties with the highest life expectancy are in the western state of Colorado. Summit County had the longest life expectancy at 86.8 years. It was 86.5 in Pitkin County and 85.9 in Eagle County.
一些预期寿命高的县位于西部的科罗拉多州。萨米特县的预期寿命最高，达到了86.8岁。皮特金县的预期寿命为86.5岁，鹰县的预期寿命为85.9岁。
The average life expectancy in the United States was 79.1 in 2014.
2014年美国的平均寿命为79.1岁。
Dr. Ali Mokdad is one of the authors of the study. He says the findings demonstrate an urgent need "to reduce inequality in the health of Americans."
阿里·莫卡德（Ali Mokdad）博士是本研究的作者之一。他说，这一研究结果表露出减少美国人健康不平等的迫切需求。
He says "federal, state and local health departments need to invest in programs that work and engage their communities in disease prevention and health promotion."
他说，“联邦、各州和地方卫生部门需要投资项目，在疾病预防和促进健康方面帮助他们的社区。
The study showed that spending more money on healthcare does not appear to increase life expectancy.
这项研究表明，更高的医保费用支出似乎并未提高预期寿命。
The United States spends more per person on health care than many developed countries -- $9,237 per person in 2014. That compares to $4,032 spent by Australia, which has a life expectancy of 82.3 and Japan, which spent $3,816 and has one of the highest life expectancies in the world at 83.1.
美国2014年的人均医疗支出为9237美元，超过了许多发达国家。与此相比，澳大利亚的人均医疗支出只有4032美元，预期寿命为82.3岁；同时日本的人均医疗支出为3816美元，预期寿命为83.1岁，是全球寿命最高的国家之一。
Laura Dwyer-Lindgren is a researcher at IHME and one of the authors of the study. She says examining "life expectancy on a national level masks the massive differences that exist at the local level, especially in a country as diverse as the United States. Risk factors like obesity, lack of exercise, high blood pressure, and smoking explain a large portion of the variation in lifespans, but so do socioeconomic factors like race, education and income."
Laura Dwyer-Lindgren是华盛顿大学健康指标和评估研究所的一名研究人员，也是该研究的作者之一。她说，在国家层面上剖析预期寿命掩盖了地方层面上存在的巨大差异，尤其是在一个像美国这样多样化的国家。肥胖、运动不足、高血压和吸烟等危险因素对寿命差异负有大部分责任，但是种族、教育和收入等社会因素也有责任。
Dr. Christopher Murray is the director of the IHME. He says "the inequality in health in the United States -- a country that spends more on health care than any other -- is unacceptable. Every American, regardless of where they live or their background, deserves to live a long and healthy life. If we allow trends to continue as they are, the gap will only widen between counties."
克里斯托弗·默里（Christopher Murray）博士是华盛顿大学健康指标和评估研究所的负责人。他说：“美国的医疗支出超过了其它国家，这样一个国家的健康状况不平等是不可接受的。每一个美国人，无论他们住在哪里，无论他们的背景，都理应过上健康长寿的生活。如果我们允许这样的趋势持续下去，各县之间的差距将会更大。”
The study was published Monday in JAMA Internal Medicine.
该研究于周一发表在《美国医学会内科医学期刊》上。
I'm Phil Dierking.
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