ISIL在伊拉克攻城略地 奥巴马排除出兵

    From VOA Learning English, this is In The News.
    这里是美国之音慢速英语新闻报道。

    Islamic militants have been seizing territory in Iraq this week. A group called the Islamic State of Iraq and Levant, or ISIL, has already captured most of the country's north.
    伊斯兰武装分子本周在伊拉克攻城略地。一家名为伊拉克与黎凡特伊斯兰教国(简称ISIL)的组织已经占领了该国北部的大部分领土。

    On Tuesday, ISIL fighters took control of Mosul, Iraq's second largest city. A day later, the group captured Tikrit, the hometown of former Iraqi leader Saddam Hussein. Officials said militants captured two towns in the eastern province of Diyala on Thursday.
    周二,ISIL武装分子控制了伊拉克第二大城市摩苏尔。一天之后,该组织又占领了伊拉克前领导人萨达姆的故乡提克里特。伊拉克官员称,武装分子周四占领了东部迪亚拉省的两个城镇。

    A spokesman for the ISIL said its supporters will push into Baghdad, the capital, and on to the Shi'ite Muslim holy city of Karbala. The group says it is seeking to establish an Islamic form of government.
    ISIL发言人表示,其支持者将进军首都巴格达,并剑指什叶派穆斯林圣城卡尔巴拉。该组织声称它正谋求建立一个伊斯兰形式的政府。

    Separately, the security forces of Iraq's Kurdish north took control of an airbase and other positions in oil-rich Kirkuk. The security forces acted after Iraqi government troops left the posts.
    另一方面,伊拉克库尔德北部的安全部队控制了一个空军基地,以及盛产石油的基尔库克的其它地区。该安全部队在伊拉克政府军逃离岗位后采取了行动。

    Iraqi government forces have seemingly been powerless to stop the militants. To the west of Mosul, the fighters have taken control of parts of eastern Syria.
    伊拉克政府军似乎已经无力阻止这些武装分子。在摩苏尔以西,武装分子已经控制了叙利亚东部的部分地区。

    The recent developments are seen as cancelling 10 years of work by the United States. The U.S. has spent an estimated $25 billion on training and equipping the Iraqi military since 2003, when the war in Iraq began.
    最新的事态发展被视为白费了美国十年的努力。自2003年伊拉克战争开始以来,美国已经耗费大约250亿美元用于训练和装备伊拉克军队。

    President Barack Obama says he is considering a "range of options" in deciding how to deal with the crisis. He spoke on Thursday to reporters at the White House.
    奥巴马总统表示,他正考虑一系列措施以决定如何处理这次危机。周四他在白宫对记者发表了讲话。

    "I don't rule out anything because we do have a stake in making sure that these jihadists are not getting a permanent foothold in either Iraq or Syria for that matter."
    他说,“我不排除任何可能,因为确保这些圣战主义分子无法在伊拉克和叙利亚建立永久基地对我们利益攸关。”

    But his choices are limited. Just two and a half years ago, Mr. Obama brought home the last of the U.S. ground troops in Iraq. And the president has rejected calls to send troops back to the country.
    但他的选择非常有限。在两年半前,奥巴马先生撤回了美军驻阿富汗最后的地面部队。同时奥巴马拒绝了派兵重返伊拉克的呼吁。

    One idea is to use drone aircraft to target the ISIL fighters. The U.S. has used drones to attack suspected militants in Pakistan, Afghanistan, Yemen and Somalia. Drone strikes are often effective in killing small numbers of people. But they are not effective against an army and could endanger civilians.
    (美国能够采取的)办法之一是使用无人机打击ISIL武装分子。美国曾使用无人机袭击了巴基斯坦、阿富汗、也门和索马里的疑似武装分子。无人机空袭在消灭少量人时往往有效,但在对抗一支军队时效果不明显,还可能危机平民。

    Stephen Zunes is a Middle East expert at the University of San Francisco.
    史蒂芬·朱恩斯(Stephen Zunes)是旧金山大学的中东问题专家。

    "This is not a matter of getting a few bad guys and their various hideaways. We're talking about a rebellion that has thousands of armed men that control a very large swath of territory, including some major urban areas."
    他说,“这并非是抓住几个坏蛋,找出他们的藏身之地的问题。我们说的是一支拥有数千武装分子,控制了包括一些主要城区在内的大片领土的叛军。”

    Another option for the U.S. is to provide more training, weapons and intelligence to the Iraqi army. Andreas Krieg is with King's College London.
    美国的另一个办法是向伊拉克军队提供更多的训练、武器和情报。安德烈亚斯·克里格(Andreas Krieg)就职于伦敦大学国王学院。

    "The Iraqi military has, despite all the billions we invested in security sector reform, not really performed in the way we want it to perform. But the Iraqis will obviously be the first line of defense against [ISIL], so they will need to be propped up in one way or another."
    他说,“虽然我们投入了数十亿美元用于伊拉克安全领域改革,伊拉克军队却未能尽如人意。但是伊拉克人显然是对抗ISIL的第一道防线,所以他们必须以某种方式获得扶持。”

    Few experts believe the militants can capture the heavily guarded city of Baghdad. But Andreas Krieg said it is important to stop the ISIL before it can set up an Islamic state in the heart of the Middle East.
    很少有专家相信武装分子可以夺取重兵把守的巴格达。但克里格说,在ISIL于中东心脏地带建立一个伊斯兰国家之前阻止他们非常重要。

    "They don't have the fighting force to actually administer the vast territory that they have gained. So I think because they are weak right now, if we act quickly, I think something can be done. But once they consolidate their power over months to come, I think we will face a much bigger problem that we will not be able to contain."
    他说,“他们不具备实际管理已被他们占领的大片领土的战斗力。所以我想,因为他们现在还很虚弱,如果我们迅速采取行动,就能有所成就。但是一旦他们在未来数月巩固了自己的权力,我们就会面临一个我们无法遏制的更大的麻烦。

    And that's In the News from VOA Learning English. I'm Steve Ember.
    以上就是本期美国之音慢速英语新闻报道的全部内容,我是史蒂夫·恩伯(Steve Ember)。(51VOA.COM对本文翻译保留全部权利,未经授权请勿转载,违者必究!)