一项新的研究发现，共享汽车服务比其它类型的私人或公共交通造成的污染要大得多。
Ride-sharing trips also draw passengers away from more environment friendly methods of travel, like public transportation, walking or biking, the study found.
研究发现，共享汽车出行还让乘客远离了更环保的出行方式，例如公共交通、步行或是骑车。
Several studies in recent years have suggested that ride-sharing services like Uber and Lyft can worsen traffic problems in cities, which continue to have high rates of private vehicle ownership.
近年来的一些研究表明，Uber和Lyft等共享汽车服务会加剧城市拥堵，而这些城市的私家车拥有率仍然很高。
The new study, carried out by the not-for-profit group Union of Concerned Scientists, represents an attempt to center on how ride-sharing services affect pollution. The research examined the effects of ride-sharing services on seven of America's largest cities.
非营利性组织忧思科学家联盟进行的这项新研究试着关注共享汽车服务如何影响环境污染。这项研究调查了共享汽车服务对美国7个最大城市的影响。
Overall, the researchers reported that ride-sharing trips now "result in an estimated 69 percent more climate pollution on average than the trips they displace." The study notes that the same passengers could have chosen to travel by bus, train, bike, scooter or on foot.
研究人员报告称，总体而言，目前共享汽车出行比它们所替代的出行服务平均多产生了69%的污染。该研究指出，同一位乘客原本可以选择公交、火车、自行车、踏板车或是步行方式出行。
One of the big reasons they give for this result is that ride-sharing vehicles are often driven with no passengers in the car. This happens when drivers are either waiting for rider requests, are on the way to pick up passengers or are driving in between pickups.
他们给出的导致这一结果的最大原因之一是共享汽车经常会空驶。这种情况要么发生在司机等单时，要么发生在前去接乘客时。
This situation, known as "deadheading," takes up about 42 percent of all ride-sharing driving activity, the study found. The researchers said that deadheading results in about 50 percent more carbon dioxide than one person driving in a private vehicle.
研究发现，这种情况被称为“空驶”，它占到了共享汽车驾驶活动的42%。研究人员发现，空驶产生的二氧化碳排放量比个人驾驶私家车多出约50%。
Both Uber and Lyft do offer a choice of a "pooled" ride, which involves drivers picking up additional riders during the same trip.
Uber和Lyft都提供合乘选项，这牵扯到驾驶员在同一行程中接送其他乘客。
The study urges services like Uber and Lyft to work to increase the amount of pooled rides. It also urges the two companies to increase the number of electric vehicles on the road and to improve connections to public transportation centers.
该研究督促Uber和Lyft等公司努力提高合乘数量。它还督促两家公司增加上路行驶的电动汽车的数量，并改善与公共交通中心的联系。
Both Uber and Lyft have said in the past that most studies on the subject overstate the effects of their services on pollution. They have noted that the majority of vehicles on the road belong to private individuals or companies.
Uber和Lyft公司过去都曾说过，关于这一主题的大多数研究都夸大了其服务对环境污染的影响。他们指出，道路上行驶的大多数车辆都属于私人或公司车辆。
Uber told Reuters news agency in a statement it had no comment on the latest report. But the company said it aims to be part of the solution to address climate change by working directly with cities. The statement added that Uber would continue to promote pooled trips and other means of transportation.
Uber在一份声明中对路透社表示对这项最新报告不予置评。但是该公司称其目标是直接与各大城市合作，成为气候变化解决方案的一部分。声明还称，Uber将会继续扩大合乘出行以及其它运输方式。
Lyft told Reuters in a statement that the study made misleading claims about ride-sharing. But the company said it shares the goals of increasing the number of pooled rides and putting more electric vehicles in service.
Lyft公司在一份声明中对路透社表示，这项研究对共享汽车提出了误导性主张。但是该公司称其目标也是增加合乘数量，并投放更多电动汽车提供服务。
Both companies already operate businesses that offer electric scooters and bikes and have begun to include public transportation information in their systems. In some cities, they have also promoted vehicle electrification.
两家公司都已经在经营提供电动踏板车和自行车的业务，并已经将公共交通信息纳入其系统。在一些城市，他们还促进了汽车电气化。
I'm Bryan Lynn.
我是布莱恩·琳恩。(51VOA.COM原创翻译，禁止转载，违者必究！)