美国年轻人的自杀率近10年一直在上升，其中女孩自杀率的增幅最大。这一消息出自《JAMA Network Open》期刊上发表的一项最新研究。
The study found that suicides among girls aged 10 to 14 increased by about 13 percent each year between 2007 and 2016. Suicides among boys in the same age group rose by 7 percent per year.
该研究发现，2007年到2016年之间，年龄在10至14岁女孩的自杀率每年上升了13%左右。同一年龄组的男孩自杀率每年上升了7%。
Donna Ruch is a researcher at Nationwide Children's Hospital in the state of Ohio. She was the report's lead writer. She said the research shows a "significant" increase in younger female rates of suicide.
唐纳·鲁奇（Donna Ruch）是俄亥俄州全国儿童医院的研究人员，也是该报告的主要作者。她说，这项研究显示了年轻女性自杀率的“显著”上升。
Ruch said she believes the bigger increase in deaths among girls is related to changes in the methods girls choose to try to kill themselves.
鲁奇表示，她认为女孩死亡人数剧增跟她们选择的自杀方式的变化有关。
"Now they are using more lethal means," she said. "And that really concerns us."
她说：“现在她们开始使用更多致命手段，这真的让我们感到担忧。”
Suicide is the second leading cause of death among young people aged 10 to 19 in the United States.
自杀是美国10到19岁年轻人死亡的第二大原因。
To take a closer look at suicide trends among the young, Ruch and her team examined nationwide data on suicides among people aged 10 to 19 from 1975 to 2016.
为了深入研究年轻人的自杀趋势，鲁奇和她的团队研究了1975年到2016年全国范围内10到19岁人群的自杀数据。
The researchers identified 85,051 deaths among U.S. youth between those years. About 80 percent of them were boys.
研究人员发现，在此期间美国青年中有85051人死亡，其中大约80%是男生。
Rates of suicide in children aged 10 to 14 went down between 1993 and 2007. After that, they began to rise again, by 12.7 percent per year among girls and by 7.1 percent among boys.
在1993年到2007年期间，10到14岁儿童的自杀率有所下降。在此之后，自杀率又开始上升，女孩每年上升了12.7%，男孩上升了7.1%。
Similar trends were seen among people aged 15 to 19, with a decline until 2007, then yearly increases of 7.9 percent among girls and 3.5 percent among boys.
15至19岁群体也出现了类似的趋势，在2007年前自杀率有所下降，然后女孩自杀率每年上升7.9%，男孩上升3.5%。
Ruch and her team cannot explain the increases. But she said finding a reason is "an important next step."
鲁奇和她的团队无法解释这一增长，但是她表示，找到原因是“非常重要的下一步。”
For now, she advises parents to know the warning signs that a child might be in danger: "Is the child making suicidal statements? Are they unhappy for longer periods of time? Are they withdrawing from friends and school activities?"
对于现在，她建议家长们要知道孩子可能处于危险中的警告信号：“孩子是否有过自杀言论？她们是否长期不开心？她们是否在远离朋友和学校活动。”
If they are, Ruch said, "that's when you should start to consider taking your child to a mental health professional."
鲁奇表示，如果她们是这样，“那时你应该开始考虑带孩子去看心理健康专业人士。”
Suicide expert Ian Rockett suggests that the numbers in the study actually underreport the number of girls who kill themselves.
自杀行为专家伊恩·罗克特（Ian Rockett）表示，研究中的数字实际上少报了自杀女孩的数量。
"We know that females are more inclined to use drug intoxication as a method," said Rockett, a professor at West Virginia University in Morgantown and the University of Rochester Medical Center in New York.
罗克特表示：“我们知道女性更倾向于把药物中毒作为一种自杀手段。”罗克特是西弗吉尼亚大学摩根敦校区和纽约罗切斯特大学医学中心的一名教授。
"That's less likely to be picked up as a suicide," Rockett noted.
罗克特说：“这种死亡不太可能被统计为自杀。”
Rockett believes that media may play a role in the rising rates of suicide among young people in general. He points to a soon-to-be-published paper he helped write that links the Netflix television series "13 Reasons Why" with increased suicide rates among both boys and girls.
罗克特认为，媒体可能在普通年轻人自杀率上升当中起到了不好的作用。他提到了他协助撰写的一篇即将发表的论文，这篇论文将网飞公司的电视连续剧《十三个原因》跟男孩和女孩自杀率上升联系了起来。
"The association we found is actually stronger in females," he said. "And that should be a cause for concern related to exposure to mass media."
他说：“我们发现这种关联在女性当中实际上更强，这应该是人们忧及大众传媒曝光的一个缘由。”
I'm Ashley Thompson.
我是阿什利·汤普森。(51VOA.COM原创翻译，禁止转载，违者必究！)