01 September, 2015
The world famous Boston Symphony Orchestra normally performs at Symphony Hall in Boston, Massachusetts. But its summer home is the Tanglewood Music Center in western Massachusetts.
The Boston Symphony Orchestra also has a summer program at Tanglewood. It is designed for young singers, musicians and those who create musical works. Composers like Aaron Copland, Leonard Bernstein and John Adams have worked there.
This summer, the Tanglewood Music Center has been celebrating its 75th anniversary.
(From left) Jessye Norman, John Williams, Steven Spielberg, Yo-Yo Ma, Keith Lockhart and James Taylor celebrate the composer's 80th birthday onstage at Tanglewood, the summer home of the Boston Symphony Orchestra in western Massachusetts. (Hilary Scott)
Serge Koussevitzky led the Boston Symphony Orchestra in 1940. At the time, Europe was at war. The United States did not enter World War II until the end of 1941. Mr. Koussevitzky persuaded people in the music industry to open a music school at Tanglewood, the BSO's summer home. He wanted young, gifted musicians to attend the school for free.
But within two years, the program almost came to an end. Jeremy Eichler is a music critic for The Boston Globe newspaper.
"The BSO trustees wanted to close the school because of the war and Koussevitzky was outraged, and wrote a letter calling it an "act of artistic vandalism." And said, "precisely now is the time when the world needs to be hearing this music."
"This music" was not just works by Beethoven or Brahms. It was the sounds of the time.
Mr. Koussevitzky chose composer Aaron Copland to head the school. Ellen Highstein is the current director of the Tanglewood Music Center.
Tanglewood, summer home of the Boston Symphony, at dusk. (Stu Rosner)
"In establishing Aaron Copland as the head of the school – not as the head of composition, but the head of the school, he was making a very specific statement... And I think he felt very strongly that paying attention to the music of one's own time is the way to ensure that there will be a future."
Paul Hindemith was a refugee from the war in Europe. He was chosen as the first head of Tanglewood's music composition department. He and Copeland decided that the school would be a place where composers write new musical works.
Their first performance was "Alleluia," a piece written by American composer Randall Thompson.
"Alleluia" has opened the school's program every summer since it was first performed.
Since it opened, Tanglewood's young musicians, singers and conductors have performed many new compositions. They include the first American performance of Benjamin Britten's opera "Peter Grimes." This year, for its 75th anniversary, the center asked composers to write 34 new pieces of music.
I'm Bob Doughty.
Jeff Lunden reporte this story from Lenox, Massachusetts. Christopher Jones-Cruise adapted it for Learning English. George Grow was the editor.
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Words in This Story
composer – n. a person who writes music
vandalism – n. the act of deliberately destroying or damaging property
conductor – n. a person who stands in front of people while they sing or play musical instruments and directs their performance
composition – n. a written piece of music, especially one that is very long or complex
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