参加检测是控制艾滋病的第一步

    From VOA Learning English, this is the Health & Lifestyle report.
    这里是美国之音慢速英语健康和生活方式报道。

    The International AIDS Conference is being held this week (July 18 – 22) in Durban, South Africa. It is the largest conference on HIV related issues.
    国际艾滋病大会本周(7月18日到22日)正在南非德班举行。这是最大的艾滋病相关问题会议。

    A diagnosis of HIV/AIDS is no longer a death sentence. There is no cure but improvements in treatments have made the disease manageable. But it is only manageable if those infected can get treatment.
    艾滋病诊断不再是死刑。虽然没有治愈方法,但是治疗方法的改进已经使这种疾病变得可控,前提是这些艾滋病感染者得到治疗。

    Getting tested for HIV is simple and fast. Results come in just about five minutes.
    进行艾滋病检测非常简单和快捷,只需大约5分钟就能出结果。

    VOA recently visited NovaSalud in Falls Church, Virginia. The organization works to reduce the risk of HIV/AIDS and other diseases passed through sex. These are called sexually transmitted diseases, or STDs.
    美国之音最近探访了弗吉尼亚州福尔斯彻奇市的NovaSalud公司。该机构致力于减少经由性行为传播的艾滋病等疾病的风险,这些被称之为性传播疾病。

    A man calling himself Rigo is also at the site. He is there to be tested. He says "It is important because one never knows what is going on with their partner" or partners in the past.
    一名自称为Rigo的男子也在现场。他在那里进行艾滋病检测。他说,“这很重要,因为谁也不知道他们的伴侣或前伴侣发生了什么。”

    A woman is also getting tested. She says, "For me it's very important to do an HIV test because we take care of our family and friends. Because if you don't know, how would you know if you are infecting a loved one?"
    一名妇女也在进行艾滋病检测。她说,“对我来说,做一次艾滋病检测非常重要,因为我们要照顾家庭和朋友。如果你不知道自己是否有问题,你怎么知道自己是否正在感染你爱的人?”

    HIV/AIDS is both treatable and preventable. People who have the AIDS virus can live normal lives as long as they stay on treatment.
    艾滋病可治疗、可预防。艾滋病病毒携带者只要保持治疗就可以正常生活。

    Tom Frieden is director of the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. He says the number of AIDS cases has gone down in most parts of U.S. society.
    汤姆·弗里登(Tom Frieden)是美国疾病控制预防中心的主任。他说,艾滋病病例数量在美国大部分地区都有所下降。

    "We've seen huge decreases in heterosexual transmission -- more than two-thirds -- 80% reductions, generally. We've seen the huge decreases in injection drug use as a cause of transmission. But among young men who have sex with men, we've seen increases in HIV infections."
    他说,“我们发现艾滋病的异性性传播降幅明显,下降了80%。我们发现吸毒导致传播的病例也降幅明显。但是我们发现年轻男性同性恋中艾滋病感染有所增加。

    Rodney McCoy is Program Coordinator and Health Educator at NovaSalud. He says the numbers show that in the U.S. gay and bisexual Latino men are most at risk. He adds that there are similar trends among African-Americans.
    罗德尼·麦考伊(Rodney McCoy)是NovaSalud公司的项目协调人和健康教育员。他说,这些数字表明,美国同性恋和双性恋拉丁裔男子风险最大。他补充说,非裔美国人中也有类似趋势。

    "Women of childbearing age and young, black, gay and bisexual men seem to most at risk for HIV, for new cases of HIV infections. And then when we look at who progresses from HIV on to AIDS, again blacks and Latinos are most at risk for that."
    他说,“育龄女性和年轻人、黑人、同性恋和双性恋男子最具艾滋病风险。而当我们着眼于从艾滋病毒携带者变为艾滋病感染者的人群,黑人和拉丁裔又是最具风险。”

    McCoy says openly recognizing that there is a stigma connected to HIV/AIDS is an important first step.
    麦考伊表示,公开承认艾滋病恶名在外是重要的第一步。

    "The first thing we do is we acknowledge that there is a stigma."
    “我们做的第一件事就是承认恶名在外。”

    A stigma is a disapproving and often unfair belief that a society or group have about something. The power of stigma keeps people around the world from being tested and getting treatment.
    恶名是指社会或人群对某件事情拥有的一种不认可并通常不公平的理念。恶名的力量让世界各地的人们远离检测和治疗。

    Rodney McCoy and other public health professionals say HIV testing has to become a usual part of health care.
    麦考伊和其他公共卫生专家表示,艾滋病检测必须成为医疗卫生的正常部分。

    "If you go to the doctor to get your blood work for cholesterol, for high blood pressure. Why not start including HIV and STDs?"
    “如果你去找医生做血液检查,检查胆固醇和高血压,为什么就不能开始把艾滋病病毒和性传播疾病包含进去呢?

    The goal everywhere is to get to the point where:
    全球的目标是实现:

    90 percent of those with HIV know it,
    让90%的艾滋病病毒携带者了解自己的病情

    90 percent of the infected get treatment and
    让90%的艾滋病感染者得到治疗

    90 percent of those people reduce the virus in their blood so much that it can't be found.
    让90%接受治疗的患者血液中的病毒下降直到消失

    The theory is that this will end AIDS as a global public health threat by 2030.
    该理论认为,这能在2030年前让艾滋病不再成为全球公共健康威胁。

    I'm Anna Matteo.
    我是安娜·马特奥。(51VOA.COM对本文翻译保留全部权利,未经授权请勿转载,违者必究!)