川普宣布阿富汗新战略

    President Donald Trump says that the United States must continue fighting in Afghanistan in a conflict that he once called a "complete waste."
    川普总统表示,美国必须在阿富汗这场他曾称之为“完全浪费”的冲突中继续作战。

    In a televised speech to the nation, Trump said his "original instinct was to pull out." But he said he changed his mind after a series of meetings with his Cabinet members and top military advisors.
    川普在电视讲话中表示,他“最初的意图是撤出阿富汗。”但川普称自己在和内阁成员以及高级军事顾问进行一系列会议之后改变了主意。

    Trump said a "hasty withdrawal would create a vacuum that terrorists – including ISIS and Al Qaeda – would instantly fill." He added the U.S. must prevent Afghanistan and the region from giving shelter to Islamist militants.
    川普表示,“仓促撤出将会造成一个包括伊斯兰国和基地组织在内的恐怖分子可以迅速填补的真空。”他补充说,美国必须防止阿富汗和该地区为伊斯兰武装分子提供庇护所。

    "We can no longer be silent about Pakistan's safe havens for terrorist organizations, the Taliban, and other groups that pose a threat to the region and beyond," he said.
    他说:“我们不能再对巴基斯坦为恐怖主义组织、塔利班以及其它对该地区内外构成威胁的群体提供庇护保持沉默。”

    Trump said, going forward, U.S. military involvement in Afghanistan will be based on conditions on the ground. He said no time period would be set for withdrawal. And, he said the U.S. would not announce future military plans, including troop numbers.
    川普表示,以后美国在阿富汗的军事参与将会以当地实际情况为依据。他称不会设定撤出的时间表,美国也不会公布包括军队数量在内的未来的军事计划。

    "America's enemies must never know our plans or believe they can wait us out. I will not say when we are going to attack, but attack we will."
    川普说:“绝不能让美国的敌人知道我们的计划,或者认为他们可以靠拖延时间得逞。我不会讲出我们将会在什么时候攻击,但是我们肯定会攻击。”

    For years, Trump has criticized the U.S. effort in Afghanistan and called for a "speedy withdrawal" of U.S. troops.
    川普多年来批评了美国在阿富汗的努力,并呼吁美军“尽快撤出。”

    As president, Trump has questioned whether sending more troops is wise. "We're not winning," he told advisers in a July meeting.
    作为总统,川普质疑过派遣更多士兵是否明智。他在7月的会议上告诉顾问,“我们不会赢的。”

    But Defense Secretary Jim Mattis has argued that a U.S. military presence is needed to protect against a continuing threat from Islamist militants.
    但是国防部长马蒂斯认为美国的军事存在对防止来自伊斯兰国的持续威胁来说是有必要的。

    On Sunday, Mattis said the president's plan involved more than just Afghanistan, saying it amounted to a full "South Asia strategy."
    马蒂斯周日表示,川普总统的计划不仅仅只涉及到阿富汗,他称该计划等同于一份完整的“南亚战略。”

    And, earlier Monday, Secretary of State Rex Tillerson spoke on the phone with leaders of Pakistan, India, and Afghanistan to discuss the new U.S. "regional strategy."
    而周一早些时候,国务卿蒂勒森同巴基斯坦、印度和阿富汗领导人通电话讨论了美国这一新的“地区战略。”

    U.S. generals have advised Trump to send as many as 4,000 troops to retake territory from the Taliban. The group now controls nearly half of Afghanistan. But Trump, who campaigned on an "America First" foreign policy, has been resistant to commit more troops to the country.
    美国各路将领建议川普派遣多达4千名士兵从塔利班手里重新夺回阿富汗领土。该组织目前控制了近半个阿富汗。但是以“美国优先”作为竞选外交政策的川普一直拒绝向该国派遣更多军队。

    James Dobbins was a U.S. special diplomat to Afghanistan and Pakistan under former President Barack Obama. Before Trump spoke Monday night, Dobbins said the president has only a choice between "losing and not losing."
    詹姆斯·多宾斯(James Dobbins)是前总统奥巴马当政时期美国驻阿富汗和巴基斯坦的特别外交官。在川普周一晚上发言之前,多宾斯称川普唯一的选择就是介于“败与不败之间。”

    "Winning is not an option," Dobbins told VOA's Afghan Service.
    多宾斯对美国之音阿富汗分部表示:“胜利是不可能的。”

    More U.S. troops could help train more members of the Afghan special forces, says Michael Kugelman, a South Asian expert at the Wilson Center. The new strategy, Kugelman added, has to consider Pakistan's role in the region.
    威尔逊中心的南亚专家迈克尔·库格尔曼(Michael Kugelman)说,派遣更多美军可以帮助阿富汗培训更多特种部队成员。库格尔曼补充说,这一新战略必须考虑到巴基斯坦在该地区的作用。

    Pakistan, he said, "happens to play a key role in the war in Afghanistan because, among other things, leaders of the Taliban insurgency have used Pakistan as a sanctuary."
    他说,巴基斯坦在阿富汗战争中碰巧起关键作用,因为其中塔利班领导人将巴基斯坦作为庇护所。”

    Currently, there are about 8,400 U.S. troops in Afghanistan. Most are advising Afghan forces but some are involved in operations against the Taliban and the Islamic State's Afghan affiliate.
    目前在阿富汗有大约8400名美国士兵。其中大多数为阿富汗部队提供咨询,但是也有一些参与了阿富汗对塔利班和伊斯兰国组织阿富汗分支的行动。

    That number is down from nearly 100,000 troops in August 2010. The war in Afghanistan started in October 2001 under President George W. Bush after the September 11 terrorist attacks on New York and Washington.
    这一数字是从2010年8月的近10万名美国士兵降下来的。阿富汗战争始于2001年10月,是小布什总统在纽约和华盛顿遭受911恐怖袭击之后发起的。

    "Most Afghans are not expecting any fundamental change in U.S. policy," said Aimal Faizi, an Afghan journalist and aide to former President Hamid Karzai.
    阿富汗新闻记者及前总统卡尔扎伊助手阿马尔·法齐(Aimal Faizi)说:“大多数阿富汗人并不期望美国政策发生任何根本性变化。”

    "Afghanistan has become a global issue. Any U.S. strategy based on the assumption that Washington alone decides the way forward in Afghanistan is a terrible mistake," he said.
    他说:“阿富汗已经成为一个全球性问题。美国基于华盛顿独自决定阿富汗前进道路的假设出台的任何战略都是一种严重错误。”(51VOA.COM对本文翻译保留全部权利,未经授权请勿转载,违者必究!)