From VOA Learning English, this is the Technology Report.
这里是美国之音慢速英语科技报道。
A United Nations special investigator recently called for a ban on the production and use of lethal autonomous robots, also known as LARs. Critics say these "killer robots" may one day choose and strike targets independently, without human intervention.
联合国一位特别调查员最近呼吁禁止生产和使用自主机器人杀手（简称LARs）。批评人士表示，这些机器人杀手有一天可能会无需人工干预，独立选择和打击目标。
UN official Christof Heyns says the lack of human commanders raises many moral and ethical questions about LARs. He spoke last month at a meeting of the UN Human Rights Council in Geneva, Switzerland.
联合国官员克里斯托夫·海恩斯（Christof Heyns）表示，缺乏人类指挥官引发了很多关于LARs的道德和伦理问题。他上月在瑞士日内瓦的联合国人权理事会会议上做了发言。
"War without reflection is mechanical slaughter, in the same way that the taking of any human life deserves - as a minimum - some deliberation, a decision to allow machines to be deployed to kill human beings worldwide. Whatever weapons they use, deserves a collective pause."
他说，“没有反思的战争是机械屠杀。同样，夺取任何人的生命至少需要深思熟虑再做出决定允许部署机器人杀死全球范围的人类。无论他们使用什么武器，都需要集体暂停。”
Mr Heyns says "killer robots" should not have the power of life and death over human beings. He disagrees with people who say the robots could help reduce the possibility of human error, or accidental death.
海恩斯先生表示，机器人杀手不应该有权力决定人类的生死。他不同意有人说，机器人可以帮助降低人为错误或意外死亡的可能性。
"In some cases, people also make mistakes with their act of fear, or may even be driven to act out of revenge or cruelty. Yet at the same time, humans may in some cases, unlike robots, act out of compassion or grace."
他说，“在某些情况下，人们会因为恐惧而犯错，或者被迫采取报复和虐待。然而与此同时，不像机器人，人类在某些情况下会表现出同情和宽恕。”
Mr Heyns presented a 22-page report to the Human Rights Council, his report recognizes that robots with full lethal autonomous have yet to be deployed, but he notes that some countries already have robotics systems in use. And others are believed to be developing autonomous robots.
海恩斯向人权理事会提交了一份22页的报告。他的报告承认，完全自主的机器人杀手尚未部署，但他指出一些国家已经在使用机器人系统。同时另一些国家被认为在发展自主机器人。
Drones have been appointed of debate in recent years, these vehicles operate without a human pilot riding on the aircraft. Many countries have drone programs. Drone strikes have helped the United States in its battle against militants in Afghanistan and Pakistan. Last month, president Obama described the plan of action for American's fight against terrorism. He said the use of drone strikes must be held to high standards.
近些年无人机颇富争议，这种飞行器无需人类到飞机上操作。许多国家都拥有无人机计划。无人机空袭已经帮助美国在阿富汗和巴基斯坦战斗中打击武装分子。上月，美国总统奥巴马谈到了美国打击恐怖主义的行动计划。他说，使用无人机空袭必须具备高标准。
"America does not take strikes when we have the ability to capture individual terrorists. Our preference is always to detain, interrogate and prosecute them. America cannot take strikes wherever we choose. Our actions are bound by consultations with partners and respect for state sovereignty."
“美国在有能力捕获具体恐怖主义分子时，不会实施打击；我们的首选方式始终是拘留、审问和起诉。美国不会任意在任何地方实施打击；我们的行动受到与合作伙伴磋商以及对国家主权予以尊重的约束。”
President Obama called the use of drones "effective", but he noted that the new technology raises what he called profound questions.
奥巴马总统称使用无人机非常有效，但他指出这种新技术引发了他所说的深层次问题。
"As our fight enters a new phase, America's legitimate claim of self-defense cannot be the end of the discussion. To say a military tactic is legal, or even effective, is not to say it is wise or moral in every instance, for the same progress that gives us the technology to strike half a world away also demands the discipline to constrain that power, or risk abusing it."
他说，“随着我们的斗争进入新阶段，美国对自卫的合法伸张并不能被作为一劳永逸的定论。说一项军事策略是合法的，或者甚至是有效的，并不等于说其在任何情况下都是明智或道义的。人类进步既带给我们向地球另一端出击的技术，也要求具有对这一威力予以约束的克制——否则便可能导致滥用。”
Shortly after his speech, the Pakistani Taliban reported that its number 2 commander was killed in a suspected American drone strike.
在他讲话后不久，巴基斯坦塔利班报道其2号指挥官在一次疑似美国无人机打击中丧生。
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