词汇掌故：不入虎穴焉得虎子

This program explores common expressions in American English.
该节目探讨了美式英语中的一些常用表达。

Today we explore a word that does not sound very pleasant -- gut.
今天我们探讨一个不太好听的单词--gut。

In the medical world, guts are the internal organs of an animal. It's a person's stomach or the part of the body that contains the stomach.
在医学界，guts这个单词是指动物的内脏。它指的是人的胃或是容纳胃的身体部分（应该是指腹部）。

So, that's medically speaking.
所以医学上是这么讲的。

But in our everyday conversations, "guts" mean many different things.
但是在我们的日常对话中，guts具有多种不同的意义。

In the United States, if you bust a gut you are laughing really, really hard -- so hard that your stomach starts to hurt.
在美国，如果说你笑到胃疼（bust a gut），意思是你笑得非常猛烈，猛烈到胃都开始疼了。

If you haven't busted a gut in years, maybe you should. It feels good to have a really good laugh.
如果你好多年没这么笑过了，也许你应该试试。大笑的感觉真好。

Now, just as our guts are inside of us, the inside parts of a machine are sometimes called guts, too. So, if you gut your computer, you take out all the pieces inside that make it work.
正如胃在我们身体内部，机器内部有时候也被称之为guts。所以，如果你给你的电脑开膛(gut your computer)，意思是你拿出了电脑内部的所有有用部件。

That's right, "gut" is also a verb.
没错，gut也是个动词。

You can gut something, like a fish. This means you remove its internal organs before cooking it. You can also gut a building by removing everything from the inside. My friend who renovated her house, for example, gutted the entire structure first.
你可以取出什么东西的内脏（gut something），例如一条鱼，意思是指在烹饪前取出它的内脏。你可以gut a building，意思是拆除建筑内部所有东西。例如我的朋友在翻新房子，他首先拆除了房子的所有内部结构。

The most important parts of a business deal or piece of legislation are also called the guts. And if you gut these things, you remove all the important parts. For example, you could say that after the council member gutted the legislation, it wasn't going to be nearly as effective.
商业合同或立法中最重要的部分也被称之为要点(guts)。如果你抽除了这些要点（gut these things），也就是删除了它的所有重要部分。例如，你可以说，在议员抽除这项立法的要点之后，它就没那么有效了。

Now, let's talk about you.
现在来谈谈你吧。

Within you are all your important thoughts, fears, dreams, feelings and secrets. If you spill your guts, you share these things with other people.
你的内心中有你的所有重要思想、恐惧、梦想、感受和秘密。如果你倾尽内心（spill your guts），是指你和别人分享内心的这些东西。

It's an informal saying but you can use it when talking about any situation. If your best friend has a date and shares all the details with you, she has spilled her guts. Perhaps at work, a co-worker spills his guts when he tells you that his bossy personality actually comes from a deep childhood fear of failing.
这是一种非正式用法，但是你可以在谈论任何状况时用到它。如果你最好的朋友跟人约会，并且告诉了你所有细节，她就是倾尽了内心。也许在工作中，一位同事告诉你，他的专横性格实际上源于童年时期对失败的深深恐惧，他就是倾尽了内心。

When spilling your guts, be careful. Remember, once you say something, you cannot take it back!
当你倾尽内心时可得谨慎。记住，话说出口就收不回去了。

Now, if you strongly dislike someone -- I mean really, really hate them -- you can say you hate their guts. You hate everything inside them. This is a very harsh statement and sounds a little childish.
如果你强烈不喜欢某人，我的意思是非常恨他们。你可以说你恨之入骨（hate their guts）。你恨他的一切。这是一种非常严厉的表态，听上去有点幼稚。

You know, if you think about it, all those internal organs are important. They may not be pretty, but they keep us alive.
你知道，如果你想一想，所有内部器官都是非常重要的。它们可能不美观，但是它们让我们得以存活。

So, guts can also mean some really great things.
所以，guts还能指代一些非常伟大的东西。

For example, the word "guts" is an informal way of saying "bravery" or "courage." It takes guts to make a very difficult decision.
例如，guts这个单词是勇气的一种非正式说法。做出一项非常艰难的决定需要勇气。

Let's say you want to move to a country where you don't know anyone and don't know the language. You want to make a big change and take a chance!
假设你想要搬到一个举目无亲并且不会说该国语言的国家。你想要做出重大改变并碰个运气。

Your friends who have lived in the same town all their lives say, "Wow, that takes a lot of guts." For right now, they don't have the guts to make such a big change.
跟你一生都住在同一个城镇的朋友说：“哇，这需要很大勇气。”目前他们没有勇气做出这么大的改变。

This is where we get our expression "no guts, no glory." This means that if you do not have courage to take a risk, you will not be able to achieve a goal or success.
这就是我们说的“no guts, no glory”（不入虎焉得虎子）。它的意思是如果你没有勇气冒险，你就无法实现目标或成功。

It might be scary. But you know in your gut that it's something you must do. Used this way, "gut" means a strong feeling about something.
这可能很吓人。但是你知道，在你看来，这是你必须要做的事情。在这种用法中，gut是指对某些事情的一种强烈感受。

We can also use "gut" as an adjective. For example, your gut feelings are not based in logic or reason. Let's say I'm your best friend. When I hear about your plans to move away, my gut reaction is to ask, even beg, you to stay.
我们还能把gut用作形容词。例如，你的直觉（gut feelings，即本能的感觉）不是基于逻辑或理由。假设我是你最好的朋友。当我听到你要离开的计划时，我本能的反应是要求、甚至是乞求你留下来。

But my gut also tells me that this is something you must do.
但是我的直觉也告诉我，这是你必须要做的事情。

So, I tell you to listen to your gut. Go chase your dream!
所以我告诉你相信你的直觉，去追求你的梦想吧！

After a year's time, I finally get the guts to do the same thing. We meet in Paris and then move to Russia to live for a year!
一年之后，我终于获得勇气去做同样的事情。我们在巴黎相遇，然后搬到俄罗斯去住一年。

As we say, no guts, no glory!
正如我们所说的，不入虎穴焉得虎子。

And that's the end of this Word and Their Stories.
以上就是本期词汇掌故节目的全部内容。

Is this body part, the gut, used the same way in your language? Let us know in the Comments Section.
胃这个身体部分在你的语言中也有同样的用法吗？在评论区告诉我们。

I'm Anna Matteo.
我是安娜·马特奥。(51VOA.COM对本文翻译保留全部权利，未经授权请勿转载，违者必究！)