[by:www.51voa.com] [00:00.00]¸ü¶àÌýÁ¦Çë·ÃÎÊ51VOA.COM [00:00.12]Recently, hackers have attacked computer systems and then released information [00:05.88]that many people thought was secure. [00:09.16]This happened to the top leadership in the U.S. Defense Department. [00:14.44]Hackers gained entry to the email system of the Joint Chiefs of Staff's office. [00:21.64]Hackers also attacked a dating website [00:24.88]and released the names of people seeking relations outside their marriage. [00:30.84]This shocked the site's users, who thought the website was secure. [00:36.46]The NATO Cooperative Cyber Defense Center of Excellence [00:41.44]is working to keep NATO online activities secure. [00:46.36]General Philip Breedlove is the top commander of the U.S. European Command. [00:53.44]He said the Cyber Defense Center is working to keep computer technology safer [01:00.12]for all of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization. [01:05.00]The center provides cyber security defense [01:08.84]and policy advice to interested NATO members. [01:14.16]"When it comes to the NATO networks and how we fight together as NATO, [01:18.44]there are 28 doors to this alliance. [01:21.44]If one of those doors is wide open, [01:23.68]the alliance is wide open." [01:25.72]The center also provides assistance to other partner countries, [01:30.44]universities and even private businesses. [01:35.52]The general spoke last weekend at a NATO meeting in Turkey. [01:41.72]Financing for the center comes not from NATO, but from volunteer nations. [01:48.60]Officials say the center's work has played an important part [01:53.40]in improving the alliance's cyber-defense capabilities. [01:58.88]Each year, the alliance carries out a war game [02:02.92]in which NATO forces try to protect [02:06.12]a make-believe country from cyber attack. [02:11.00]The center provides the fake country's computer network. [02:15.88]Participating nations must repair and strengthen that network. [02:22.28]Lauri Aasmann is the chief of the center's Law and Policy Branch. [02:28.56]Mr. Aasmann says technology experts [02:32.45]from different NATO countries are critical to defense building. [02:38.00]"We strongly believe that in order to [02:40.76]build or have a good defense, you should understand how the attack works, how the offense works." [02:50.20]The center works out of an old building in the small country of Estonia. [02:56.28]It may seem like an unusual choice for such an exercise. [03:01.72]However, Estonia is among the best places in the world for Internet access. [03:08.72]Wireless connections are available almost everywhere, [03:13.08]even in unexpected places, like inside buses and or on a public beach. [03:21.72]A recent report by the non-profit group [03:25.08]Freedom House rates Estonia second worldwide for Internet freedom. [03:31.92]In comparison, the United States was fifth on that list. [03:38.08]In Estonia, banking is done mostly online. [03:43.12]Estonians say they rarely carry money. [03:47.44]Most government business is done electronically. [03:52.48]But Estonians know from experience [03:55.56]that a cyberattack on their Internet could cause huge problems. [04:01.84]A massive cyber attack in 2007 [04:06.56]knocked out Internet access to banks, [04:10.00]ministries, parliament and other organizations for days. [04:15.89]The attack took place during Estonia's dispute with Russia [04:20.92]about the relocation of a marker [04:24.08]called the Bronze Soldier of Tallinn. [04:28.48]Many blamed the attack on Russia, [04:31.36]which is Estonia's eastern neighbor. [04:35.28]Since then, Estonian officials [04:38.20]have remained on guard to prevent [04:40.92]and defeat cyber attacks against the country and its allies. [04:47.96]Im Mario Ritter.