[ti:UN Considering Oil Embargo Against North Korea] [by:www.51voa.com] [00:00.00]更多听力请访问51VOA.COM [00:00.16]Members of the United Nations Security Council are considering new sanctions [00:05.76]for North Korea in reaction to its sixth and most powerful nuclear test. [00:13.36]However, experts say the support of China is critical [00:18.40]to increase pressure on the government of North Korean leader Kim Jong Un. [00:25.44]China's Foreign Minister Wang Yi said Thursday, [00:29.44]"The U.N. Security Council should respond further and take necessary measures." [00:36.36]But, Wang said "sanctions and pressure" must be tied to "dialogue and negotiations." [00:44.32]China has said that increased restrictions [00:47.84]will not ease tensions on the Korean Peninsula. [00:53.40]U.S. President Donald Trump spoke to Chinese President Xi Jinping [00:59.04]about North Korea on Wednesday. [01:02.48]Trump said Xi agreed on the need to answer North Korea's nuclear test, [01:09.88]saying, "He does not want to see what is happening there either." [01:16.12]On Monday, U.S. Ambassador to the United Nations Nikki Haley [01:21.96]said the 15-member UN Security Council would negotiate a version [01:28.12]of a resolution to place new sanctions on North Korea. [01:34.12]She said the U.S. would seek a vote by Monday. [01:38.68]On August 5, the UN Security Council approved resolution 2371. [01:48.08]It came as the result of two long-range missile tests [01:52.84]that North Korea carried out in July. [01:56.92]The UN Security Council barred North Korea from exporting coal, [02:02.80]iron, lead and seafood, along with other restrictions. [02:09.92]The measures were aimed at cutting about one-third of North Korea's [02:14.88]$3 billion in export income. [02:20.36]However, now there are calls to cut North Korea's fuel imports [02:26.12]in an effort to build pressure on its leaders. [02:30.84]VOA received a copy of the new proposed resolution on North Korea on Wednesday. [02:38.84]The proposal calls for stopping North Korean cloth and clothing exports, [02:44.96]and seeks to put limits on North Koreans working in other countries. [02:51.32]But the biggest restriction would ban the sale of oil, [02:55.48]refined petroleum products, and natural gas liquids to the North. [03:02.52]Support from Russia and China is needed for an oil embargo to work. [03:09.12]Both countries are permanent members of the Security Council. [03:14.28]They also are energy exporters to North Korea. [03:19.40]On Wednesday, Russian President Vladimir Putin did not offer support [03:25.32]for the idea of blocking North Korea's oil imports. [03:30.36]Putin spoke during a meeting with South Korean President Moon Jae-in [03:35.88]in an economic meeting in Vladivostok, Russia. [03:40.56]China provides North Korea with most of its oil and gas. [03:47.04]Joseph DeTrani is a former special diplomat to the six party talks. [03:53.48]They were nuclear talks including both Koreas, China, Russia, Japan and the U.S. [04:04.52]DeTrani says the leverage that the Chinese "have on crude oil is immense." [04:12.20]But he says an oil embargo would destabilize North Korea's economy, [04:18.08]something China opposes. [04:20.90]Although China and North Korea have had strained relations, [04:26.76]DeTrani says Chinese public support for an oil ban is unlikely. [04:35.12]"China doesn't want to make North Korea a total enemy. [04:39.88]They want to have some leverage. [04:42.80]They don't want to totally alienate the leadership in Pyongyang." [04:50.00]Richard Bush is with the Brookings Institution's John L. Thornton China Center. [04:56.84]He says China has to walk a fine line in its policies towards its eastern neighbor. [05:05.72]Bush says China wants to influence North Korea to stop its nuclear and missile tests. [05:14.08]At the same time, China worries that a complete oil embargo [05:19.60]would cause the country to collapse. [05:23.12]That situation would create a refugee crisis on China's border. [05:29.88]Instead, Bush says China may try to create some flexibility [05:35.68]in possible new sanctions by setting a limit for yearly oil imports, [05:42.08]or by slowly decreasing them. [05:45.92]He says China "wants to preserve its own freedom of action and flexibility, [05:53.24]but at the same time be responsive to the concerns of the international community." [06:01.52]Yun Sun is a China expert at the Stimson Center in Washington DC. [06:09.04]She says China has not shown that it is willing to cut off the North's oil supplies. [06:16.96]She said it might press for oil exports to be considered [06:21.72]a humanitarian exception to UN Security Council sanctions. [06:28.08]I'm Mario Ritter. [06:30.60]更多听力请访问51VOA.COM