[ti:Trump Declares National Emergency to Build the Wall] [by:www.51voa.com] [00:00.00]更多听力请访问51VOA.COM [00:00.00]American President Donald Trump on Friday declared a national emergency [00:06.08]so that he can get the money needed to build a wall [00:10.91]along the nation's border with Mexico. [00:14.31]The move is seen as a way to go around Congress. [00:19.17]It is sure to face opposition from legislators. [00:23.95]Speaking from the White House, [00:26.22]Trump said he is declaring the national emergency because of, [00:32.00]in his words, "an invasion of our country with drugs, [00:37.48]with human traffickers, with all types of criminals and gangs." [00:43.52]Trump added that he is planning to use money from the military [00:48.84]and other parts of the government to pay for the building of the wall. [00:54.98]As a presidential candidate, [00:57.67]Trump often said that Mexico would pay for such a wall. [01:02.77]Acting White House Chief of Staff Mick Mulvaney said the president [01:08.38]"will have access to roughly $8 billion worth of money [01:13.97]that can be used to secure the southern border." [01:17.94]Trump had demanded $5.7 billion for the wall. [01:24.00]But Congress, which is powered with making spending decisions, [01:29.31]only provided $1.4 billion for barriers. [01:35.13]House Speaker Nancy Pelosi and Senate Democratic Leader Chuck Schumer [01:42.06]quickly denounced the move as an "unlawful declaration [01:46.81]over a crisis that does not exist." [01:51.07]The two leaders released a joint statement [01:54.67]while Trump was still giving his speech. [01:58.02]They said, "The President's actions clearly violate the Congress's exclusive power [02:05.38]of the purse, which our Founders enshrined in the Constitution. [02:11.23]The Congress will defend our constitutional authorities in the Congress, [02:17.66]in the Courts, and in the public, using every remedy available." [02:23.77]Trump admitted that his declaration of a national emergency [02:29.21]will face opposition in the courts. [02:32.94]He said, "Sadly, we'll be sued and sadly it will go through a process [02:40.18]and happily we'll win." [02:42.84]The president defended his decision, [02:46.34]saying other presidents have declared national emergencies in the past. [02:52.17]In 1976, Congress passed the National Emergency Act, [02:58.91]which gave presidents special powers during a crisis. [03:03.35]Congress can end a state of emergency [03:06.90]with a joint resolution and the president's signature. [03:11.39]If the president vetoes the resolution, [03:14.37]Congress would need two-thirds of lawmakers to vote to end the declaration. [03:21.66]American presidents have declared national emergencies 59 times since 1976. [03:31.61]President Jimmy Carter made the declaration as Iran took American hostages in 1979. [03:40.76]Ronald Reagan used the power to ban trade with Nicaragua in 1985. [03:48.41]In 1990, President George H.W. Bush blocked financial dealings with Iraq. [03:56.51]In 1996, Bill Clinton used the power after two airplanes were shot down near Cuba. [04:05.60]George W. Bush declared a national emergency after the terrorist attacks on Sept. 11, 2001. [04:15.86]And President Barack Obama used the special power in 2011 [04:22.29]to freeze the assets of Libyan leader Muammar Qadhafi. [04:27.70]Trump has declared national emergencies three other times: [04:33.71]in December 2017 against Myanmar generals for their part in the Rohingya refugee crisis; [04:42.90]in September 2018 against persons related to Russian [04:48.83]interference in the 2016 U.S. presidential election; [04:54.13]and in November 2018 after the Nicaraguan government acted against protesters. [05:01.58]But until Friday, no American president in history had used the power [05:09.60]to get additional money to pay for projects without the support of Congress. [05:16.60]I'm Caty Weaver. 更多听力请访问51VOA.COM