[ti:US Treasury Official Nominated to Lead World Bank] [by:www.51voa.com] [00:00.00]更多听力请访问51VOA.COM [00:00.00]President Donald Trump has nominated David Malpass to lead the World Bank. [00:07.13]Malpass is currently an official with the United States Treasury Department. [00:14.62]Trump called him the "right person to take on this...important job." [00:21.36]Malpass has been a sharp critic of the 189-nation World Bank. [00:29.28]He has said that the bank has worked too much on its own growth [00:34.71]and not enough on its main duties, like fighting poverty. [00:40.75]On Wednesday, Trump spoke to White House reporters about his nominee. [00:48.03]"He has fought to ensure financing is (for) the places [00:54.38]and projects that truly need assistance, [00:58.25]including people living in extreme poverty," the U.S. president said. [01:04.54]Malpass was an economic adviser to Trump's presidential election campaign in 2016. [01:14.71]The nomination shows that the Trump administration [01:19.75]wants more control over the World Bank. [01:23.61]The bank is an international lending organization that assists developing countries. [01:31.03]Its most recent president, Jim Yong Kim, [01:36.13]left the position in January, three years before his term was to end. [01:42.92]Malpass has said that he will work at the World Bank [01:48.53]to push the Trump administration's goals for developing countries. [01:53.99]One goal, he said, would be to make changes to the bank [01:58.93]that he and Treasury Secretary Steve Mnuchin helped negotiate. [02:05.30]Malpass also said he would work to improve the standing of women around the world. [02:11.99]An important "goal will be to ensure that women [02:17.63]achieve full participation in developing economies," he said. [02:24.24]On Wednesday, the nominee met with reporters [02:28.92]to explain his longtime criticism of the bank [02:33.28]and its sister lending organization, the International Monetary Fund (IMF). [02:39.03]Malpass said his efforts dating back more than 30 years [02:44.96]have been aimed at reforming both organizations. [02:49.35]He noted the work he had done in the Trump administration [02:53.60]to get approval for a $13 billion capital increase for the World Bank. [03:01.21]It was the bank's first increase in eight years, and it included several lending reforms. [03:09.96]Malpass said he hopes to carry out other reforms, including enacting restrictions [03:18.81]on loans to major developing nations, such as China and India. [03:25.55]Malpass said he believes these countries are too wealthy to receive economic aid. [03:33.02]He said the bank's loans to those countries took money [03:37.78]that should be going to poorer nations. [03:41.20]"I am looking forward to working with China [03:45.82]and others" to get repayment on their loans," Malpass said. [03:50.58]The World Bank and IMF were created in the 1940s. [03:58.10]Since then, the bank has always been led by an American [04:02.52]and the IMF has always been led by a European. [04:07.24]The United States is the largest shareholder in both organizations. [04:13.25]Malpass served in Treasury and State Department jobs [04:19.00]during the presidencies of Ronald Reagan and George H.W. Bush. [04:24.48]He also worked at investment bank Bear Stearns, [04:29.87]where he was chief economist before its 2008 collapse. [04:36.21]I'm Susan Shand. [04:38.51]更多听力请访问51VOA.COM