[ti:Over and Above] [by:www.51voa.com] [00:00.00]更多听力请访问51VOA.COM [00:00.01]Hi, everyone! [00:02.15]I hope you like prepositions [00:04.17] because I am going to talk about them again today. [00:07.98]The question today comes from our reader [00:12.30]Francesca in Rome, Italy. Here it is: [00:16.27]Hello, thank you VOA. [00:19.06]I have a problem using over and above. [00:22.61]You will certainly help me. - Francesca, Rome [00:25.35]Ciao, Francesca. I am happy to help! [00:29.04]The words over and above can act as prepositions or adverbs, [00:36.01]depending on how they are used. [00:39.03]For today's program, I will focus on prepositions. [00:44.16]Prepositions are words that show direction, position or time. [00:50.64]Over and above both express that something [00:56.02]is in a higher position than something else. [01:00.27]And, sometimes, you can use either word. [01:04.59]You can, for instance, say: [01:07.63]The building is over a parking lot (or)The building is above a parking lot. [01:15.44]They have the same meaning. [01:18.11]But there are times when one word [01:20.75]is more suitable than the other. [01:23.24]For example, the word over suggests movement. [01:28.35]Above does not. [01:31.25]When the upper object moves across the lower object, [01:36.43]use over, as in these examples: [01:40.37]A plane just flew over city hall. [01:44.25]We walked over the bridge. [01:47.34]In addition, over suggests contact between two objects. [01:53.66]Above does not. [01:56.03]Use over when the higher object covers [02:00.25] or is touching the lower object, as in these: [02:04.24]Did you wear a raincoat over your clothes? Please put foil over the remaining food. [02:12.77]Above is more common when there is no contact [02:17.41]between the two objects, as in this: [02:20.99]Many bird species fly above the clouds. [02:25.72]We also use over and above with measurements. [02:30.97]Use over for such measures as height, [02:35.82]age, speed and time, as in these: [02:40.40]We have been waiting over an hour for a table. [02:45.18]The game is for children over 10 years of age. [02:49.55]Above is generally used in measures of temperature, as in this: [02:56.63]It went above 90 degrees again yesterday. [03:01.39]And that's Ask a Teacher. [03:05.15]I'm Alice Bryant. 更多听力请访问51VOA.COM