[ti:Physics Nobel Prize Rewards Work on Climate Change] [by:www.51voa.com] [00:00.00]更多听力请访问51VOA.COM [00:00.04]Three scientists will share this year's Nobel prize for physics [00:05.64]for their findings about how complex physical systems operate. [00:12.20]The Nobel physics committee announced the winners Tuesday. [00:17.24]They are Syukuro Manabe of Princeton University in the United States, [00:22.52]Klaus Hasselmann of the Max Planck Institute for Meteorology in Germany [00:28.12]and Giorgio Parisi of the Sapienza University of Italy. [00:35.56]"The discoveries being recognized this year [00:38.88]demonstrate that our knowledge about the climate [00:42.00]rests on a solid scientific foundation," [00:45.28]said the leader of the award's physics committee. [00:50.32]Manabe and Hasselmann were honored [00:53.36]for "the physical modeling of Earth's climate" [00:56.60]as well as "reliably predicting global warming," officials said. [01:04.00]Parisi is honored for his early 1980s discovery of "hidden rules" [01:09.84]behind disordered movements in physical systems [01:14.20]from the atomic to the planet level. [01:19.28]The Swedish Academy of Sciences awards the Nobel Prize. [01:24.28]It said in a statement, "Syukuro Manabe and Klaus Hasselmann [01:29.88]laid the foundation of our knowledge of the Earth's climate [01:34.16]and how humanity influences it. [01:39.24]Giorgio Parisi won the honor for his revolutionary contributions [01:44.64]to the theory of disordered materials [01:48.08]and random processes," the Academy said. [01:54.08]All three scientists work on what are known as "complex systems," [01:59.04]of which climate is just one example. [02:03.60]Manabe and Hasselmann looked into large global forces [02:08.08]that shape daily lives. [02:11.44]Starting in the 1960s, Manabe created the first climate models [02:16.96]that predicted what would happen as carbon dioxide [02:20.80]built up in the atmosphere. [02:23.88]The inventive method led to more exact predictions [02:28.08]on climate change based on carbon pollution levels. [02:33.84]About ten years later, Hasselmann helped explain [02:37.72]why climate models work for weather predicting. [02:41.60]He also developed ways to look for signs [02:44.80]of human influence on the climate. [02:49.04]After winning the award, Hasselmann told The Associated Press [02:53.52]he "would rather have no global warming and no Nobel prize.'' [03:00.56]Co-winner Manabe called climate change a major crisis [03:05.40]when he spoke to the AP after the announcement. [03:09.64]Manabe said learning the physics behind the processes [03:14.64]was "1,000 times" easier [03:17.56]than getting the world to do something about it. [03:22.12]Parisi's work involves processes within atoms. [03:28.36]The Academy praised his work that "built a deep physical [03:32.52]and mathematical model" that made it possible [03:35.96]to understand complex systems in fields like mathematics, [03:41.08]biology, brain science and machine learning. [03:47.16]The Academy will present the Nobel award [03:50.84]to the three scientists in a ceremony [03:54.20]in Stockholm, Sweden, on December 10. [03:58.72]Manabe and Hasselmann will share half [04:01.76]of the 1.1 million dollars in prize money. [04:06.44]Parisi will receive the other half. [04:10.36]I'm Dan Novak. 更多听力请访问51VOA.COM