[ti:'Replacement Theory' Fuels Deadly, Racist Attack in US] [by:www.51voa.com] [00:00.00]更多听力请访问51VOA.COM [00:00.04]A gunman killed 10 people at a food store [00:04.08]in Buffalo, New York, over the weekend. [00:08.00]Law enforcement officials said the gunman, [00:11.92]18-year-old Payton Gendron, drove over 300 kilometers [00:17.48]from his home to Tops Friendly Market. [00:21.04]They said that Gendron, a white man, [00:25.40]searched for and targeted the largely Black neighborhood. [00:30.72]Gendron shot 13 people. [00:33.80]All but three of them died. [00:36.20]Eleven of the shooting victims were Black and two were white. [00:41.92]Officials say they are studying a 180-page document [00:47.72]published online believed to be written by Gendron. [00:52.04]The document describes plans for the Saturday attack in Buffalo. [00:57.96]It also makes note of other racist shootings, [01:02.08]including the 2015 attack at a Black church in South Carolina [01:08.44]and the killings at two Muslim religious centers in New Zealand in 2019. [01:16.28]The document describes a racist ideology that believes [01:21.48]the United States belongs fully to white Christians. [01:25.84]People of all other races and religions, the document says, [01:31.04]are "replacers" who should be removed by force or terror. [01:37.16]The ideas come from what is known as "The Great Replacement Theory." [01:43.80]People who follow the theory believe that there is a plot [01:48.08]to reduce the influence of white people [01:51.08]in the United States and other Western countries. [01:54.60]Believers say the plan will be achieved [01:58.32]through immigration of non-white people into the U.S. [02:02.92]and the higher birthrate among minority groups. [02:07.08]Some followers believe Jewish people [02:10.04]are behind the so-called replacement plot. [02:13.68]When white supremacists marched in Charlottesville, Virginia, in 2017, [02:20.32]they shouted "you will not replace us" and "Jews will not replace us." [02:28.76]Mark Pitcavage is senior researcher [02:31.64]at the Anti-Defamation League Center on Extremism. [02:36.28]He said the more extreme believers look up [02:39.80]to white supremacist mass killers like the shooters who carried [02:45.36]the attacks in South Carolina and New Zealand. [02:49.96]They believe small societal changes will not do much, [02:54.52]so the only solution is tearing down society – in this case, killing. [03:00.88]The Buffalo shooter's alleged writings and some of his methods [03:05.20]appeared to follow the New Zealand shooter. [03:08.48]Gendron livestreamed the attack, just like the shooter [03:13.44]who attacked mosques in New Zealand. [03:16.48]Gendron marked the number 14 on his gun. [03:20.56]Pitcavage said 14 is shorthand for a 14-word white supremacist slogan. [03:28.80]The New Zealand shooter posted a widely read document online. [03:33.48]If the 180-page document from the Buffalo shooter is real, [03:39.16]it seems he wanted to spread his beliefs [03:42.12]and methods to a larger audience. [03:46.08]In a public opinion study released last week, [03:49.80]The Associated Press and the NORC Center [03:54.24]for Public Affairs Research found that about 1 in 3 Americans [03:59.76]believes an effort is underway to replace U.S.-born Americans [04:04.92]with immigrants for electoral gain. [04:07.96]The same number of people also express concern [04:12.36]that an increase in immigration is leading to native-born Americans [04:17.72]losing economic, political, and cultural influence. [04:22.16]Both concerns are arguments behind the Great Replacement Theory. [04:28.36]The idea that those killed at the Tops Friendly Market [04:32.72]lost their lives because of the shooter's racism is "sick," [04:38.04]said 29-year-old Steve Carlson. [04:41.60]He is Black and grew up knowing one of the shooting victims. [04:46.72]"It's not right. You don't pick what ethnicity you're born into," Carlson said. [04:53.08]"These people were just shopping, [04:55.40]they went to go get food for their families." [04:59.08]At Buffalo's State Tabernacle Church of God in Christ, [05:03.92]Pastor Russell Bell said he could not believe [05:08.00]what had happened over the weekend. [05:10.96]"I don't understand what that is, [05:13.68]to hate people just because of their color, [05:16.76]to hate people because we're different. [05:19.52]God made us all different. [05:22.00]That's what makes the world go 'round," he said. [05:26.04]I'm Ashley Thompson. 更多听力请访问51VOA.COM