韩国寻求从美国手中接管战时行动指挥权

    South Korean President Moon Jae-in says his government is increasing efforts to take back wartime operational control of its military.
    韩国总统文在寅表示,韩国政府正在加紧努力收回该国军队的战时行动指挥权。

    Wartime operational control, known as OPCON, describes the U.S.-led command of South Korean military forces in time of war.
    战时行动指挥权简称为OPCON,它表述了美国在战时对韩国军队的指挥权。

    The effort comes at a time when tensions between North Korea and the U.S. are very high.
    这种努力发生在朝鲜和美国之间关系非常紧张之际。

    Moon spoke about the issue at an event marking South Korea's 69th Armed Forces Day [on] Thursday. He said increasing military abilities and reducing dependence on U.S. military power would strengthen the country's position with the North.
    文在寅周四在庆祝韩国第69届军人节的活动中谈到了这个问题。他说,增强军事能力,减少对美国军事力量的依赖将会强化该国对朝鲜的地位。

    "When the South has wartime operational control, the North will fear us more, and our armed forces will be trusted more," Moon said.
    文在寅说:“当韩国拥有战时指挥权时,朝鲜就会更加害怕我们,我们的武装力量也会更值得信赖。”

    Robert Kelly is a professor of political science at Pusan National University in South Korea. He thinks such a move might be a way to show independence from the threats exchanged by the U.S. and North Korea.
    韩国釜山国立大学政治学教授罗伯特·凯利(Robert Kelly)认为,此举可能是展示韩国独立于美朝两国互相威胁之外的一种方式。

    "I think this might be a way for Moon to separate himself somewhat from the behavior of (U.S. President) Donald Trump in the last month," Kelly said.
    凯利表示:“我认为这可能是文在寅要与美国总统川普过去一个月的行为进行切割的一种方式。”

    Peacetime control moved to South Korea
    和平时期军事控制权已移交韩国

    The South Korean government took over peacetime command of its military personnel when the country transitioned to democracy.
    韩国政府在过渡到民主时接管了和平时期对该国军人的指挥权。

    The South Korean military works closely with the Combined Forces Command and the United Nations Command, led by the U.S. General Vincent Brooks. Brooks also commands more than 28,000 U.S. military forces in Korea.
    韩国军方与美国总参谋长文森特·布鲁克斯(Vincent Brooks)领导的韩美联军司令部以及联合国军司令部密切合作。布鲁克斯还指挥了超过2.8万名驻韩美军。

    In wartime, the U.S. commander would take control of South Korean forces. The transfer, however, is not automatic. The South Korean president must first agree to hand over control.
    在战时,美国指挥官将会接管韩国军队的指挥权。但是这种转移不是自动完成的。韩国总统首先必须同意交出控制权。

    Daniel Pinkston is a security expert with Troy University in Seoul. He said, "In a way, President Moon has control and he has a veto over giving control to the U.S. and giving control to the combined forces command."
    首尔特洛伊大学的安全专家丹尼尔· 平克斯顿 (Daniel Pinkston)表示:“某种程度上说,文在寅总统拥有控制权。他也可以否决将控制权交给美国和联军指挥部。”

    South Koreans have different views on control
    韩国对控制权有不同看法

    Moon and some members of his Democratic Party have supported gaining wartime operational control as an issue of sovereignty. It has also been linked to anti-American feelings in the country.
    文在寅和他民主党的一些成员将拿回战时控制权视为一个主权问题,这也跟该国的反美情绪有关。

    Conservatives have opposed taking over wartime control. They are concerned that such a move might weaken the U.S. commitment to defend South Korea.
    保守派反对接管战时控制权。他们担心这样的举动可能会削弱美国捍卫朝鲜的承诺。

    Hong Jun-pyo is the leader of the Liberty Korea Party. He recently said that "return of OPCON is basically disbanding the Korea-U.S. military alliance."
    自由韩国党领导人洪准杓(Hong Jun-pyo)近日表示:“韩国重掌战时指挥权基本上就是瓦解韩美军事联盟。”

    Some also have concerns that such a move would be seen as a sign of disagreement between South Korea and the U.S. Kelly said that is "what the North Koreans have wanted for a long time."
    有人还担心此举会被视为韩美两国之间产生分歧的迹象。凯利称这是“朝鲜长期以来一直想要看到的结果。”

    Wartime operational control was to be handed over to South Korea in 2015. But the government of then-president Park Geun-hye and the U.S. decided in 2014 to postpone the transfer to 2020 or later. The deal now depends on South Korea gaining necessary operational abilities.
    2015年战时指挥权被移交给了韩国。但是时任总统朴槿惠统治下的韩国政府和美国在2014年决定将移交推迟到至少2020年。这项协议目前取决于韩国是否赢得必要的作战能力。

    Some experts consider basing the decision on South Korea's capabilities good for the U.S.-South Korea alliance. They say it puts more responsibility on South Korea for its own defense.
    一些专家认为,这项决定基于韩国的军事能力对韩美联盟有利。他们表示,它赋予了韩国更多自我防御的责任。

    Pinkston said that, without discussions about a transfer of OPCON, South Korea would have no reason to increase its defense capabilities.
    平克斯顿表示,如果不是有这些关于移交战时控制权的讨论,韩国就没有理由提高其防御能力。

    "South Korea will think we don't have to worry about it because the U.S. will always have OPCON, they will always take care of us, so why should we spend more on our defense budget?" Pinkston said.
    平克斯顿表示:“韩国就会认为,我们不用担心,因为美国将一直拥有战时行动指挥权,他们会一直照顾好我们。所以我们为什么要在国防预算上花更多钱呢?”

    Moon's statements on Thursday appears to be part of that effort. He is promising reforms, including creating a more professional military and increasing national defense spending.
    文在寅周四的声明似乎是这种努力的一部分。他正在承诺改革,包括建立更专业的军队和增加国防开支。

    Some of that spending could be directed to developing new systems, such as South Korea's own missile defense system.
    其中一些开支可能会投向开发新系统,例如韩国自己的导弹防御系统。

    The country may also seek to launch five military satellites with surveillance and reconnaissance abilities.
    该国可能也会寻求发射5颗具备监视和侦查能力的军用卫星。

    I'm Mario Ritter.
    我是马里奥·里特。(51VOA.COM对本文翻译保留全部权利,未经授权请勿转载,违者必究!)