This is the VOA Special English Development Report.
这里是美国之音慢速英语发展报告节目。
Researchers say they have found a way to extend the storage life of a drug used to treat H.I.V. Their work could give infected mothers in the developing world a new way to prevent the spread of the AIDS virus to their newborn babies. The drug is nevirapine. If it is given within seventy-two hours after birth, it can often protect babies from H.I.V.
研究人员称他们找到了一种延长艾滋病治疗药物储存时间的方法，这给发展中国家受艾滋病感染的母亲提供了一种防止新生儿感染的新方法。这种药品是奈韦拉平，如果在出生72小时内给婴儿使用该药物，就能防止被感染。
Researchers at Duke University in North Carolina have developed a small pouch made of foil and plastic. They say current tests show that the pouch can safely store the drug for as long as four months. But they expect that final results in October will show it can keep the liquid stable for up to twelve months.
北卡罗莱纳州杜克大学的研究人员开发出一种使用铝箔和塑料制成的小药囊（pouch）。他们称，当前的试验表明，这种药囊可以安全的储存药物长达4个月。但他们期望，10月的最终测试结果结果能够显示，这种药囊能保持液态药物稳定长达12个月。
That way, H.I.V.-infected women could have plenty of time to get the pouch from a health care provider early in their pregnancy.
这样，艾滋病感染妇女在妊娠早期就能有足够时间从医保机构获得这种药囊。
Caroline Gamache is a biomedical engineer at Duke who worked on the project.
卡罗琳·加马奇是参与杜克大学该项目的一名生物医学工程师。
CAROLINE GAMACHE: "Many mothers deliver at home in sub-Saharan Africa and it's very difficult for them to get to a hospital or clinic which may be miles away in that time period. And so we are proposing to give this pouch to mothers in their first or second trimester, when they come in for their first antenatal care visit. And then they would take the pouch home and they'd have it at their hands at the time of delivery."
卡罗琳·加马奇：“撒哈拉以南非洲的许多孕妇在家里分娩，在这一时期，去数公里外的医院或诊所，对她们来讲非常困难。因此我们建议，在他们怀孕的前3或6个月，当她们来做第一次产前检查时，将这种药囊提供给孕妇。这样她们就能将药囊带回家，当她们在家里分娩时就能亲手使用。”
The idea is that mothers would pour the liquid into the baby's mouth as part of an H.I.V. treatment program.
该项法是艾滋治疗程序的一部分，要求母亲将这种液态药物喂入孩子口中。
The drug company Boehringer Ingelheim developed nevirapine. It says one dose of the medicine given to mother and child prevents the spread of H.I.V. in more than fifty percent of cases.
勃林格殷格翰医药公司（Boehringer Ingelheim）开发了奈韦拉平。该公司表示，给产妇和婴儿使用一剂量的这种药，可以避免50%的艾滋病感染案例。
Boehringer Ingelheim has been working with the nonprofit organization PATH to offer a similar pouch for the past several years. The nevirapine is contained in a small dropper placed inside the pouch.
在过去的数年里，勃林格殷格翰与一家名为PATH的非营利性组织合作提供一种类似的药囊，奈韦拉平被装在药囊中的一个小滴管里。
They got the idea from health workers in Kenya. The workers had been putting the medicine into droppers, then wrapping the tube with tape, aluminum foil and plastic. PATH designed a foil pouch that could keep the medicine stable for up to two months.这
他们从肯尼亚医护人员那得到这种想法。工人们将药物装入滴管，然后用胶袋、铝箔和塑料包裹。PATH设计的这种铝箔袋，可以保持药物稳定长达2个月。
Adriane Burman is with the PATH office in Seattle, Washington. She says the pouch is an important tool for preventing the spread of H.I.V. from mother to child.
Adriane Burman是华盛顿州西雅图市PATH办公室职员。她表示这种药囊是防止艾滋病毒母婴传播的重要工具。
She noted a United Nations report that in two thousand eight about four hundred thirty thousand babies were born with H.I.V. Nine out of ten were born in Africa. The report said nearly all the mother-to-child infections could have been prevented through interventions.
她指出，一份联合国报告表明，2008年大约有43万感染艾滋病毒的婴儿出生，其中9成在非洲。报告称，几乎所有的母婴传播可以通过干预措施预防。
PATH：美国帕斯适宜卫生科技组织